Abstract
Urbanization and industrialization are responsible for a variety of environmental issues like air pollution, increased runoff and subsequent flooding, increase in temperature, and deterioration of water quality. It is evident that for environment management and decision-making process especially in climate impact analysis, the study of land use/land cover (LULC) plays a vital role. The aim of this study is analyzing the climate change response due to land use/land cover (LULC) changes in the eastern India’s Brahmani River Basin that experienced a fast increase in industrialization and deforestation in the recent decades. Herein, the Landsat satellite images were collected from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) from year 1975 to 2018 and processed in ERDAS Imagine software. The whole LULC mapping involves (1) geo-referencing, (2) mosaicking, (3) sub-setting on the basis of Area of Interest (AOI), (4) development of signature files, and (5) classification. The supervised classification method is followed herein to classify the study area with delineated classes such as water bodies, sand, barren/crop land, forest area, and built-up area. The study reveals that the major land cover in the study area is dense forest which decreases from 71.70% to 14.85% from year 1975 to 2018. The second major category of land is barren/crop land, which was increased by 30% due to development in agricultural technology, irrigation facilities. The third category of land cover is built-up area which increases by 32.73% from year 1975 to 2018 due to man-made activities. The sand comes under the fourth category which has slightly increased 6.57% to 7.05%. The least area covered by water bodies which is the fifth category of land cover was 0.33% in the year 1975 which increased to 1.65% in the year 1999 due to the construction of Rengali Dam and Samal Barrage but subsequently decreased to 0.87% in 2018. Hence, it is verified that the industrialization and development activities cause heavy deforestation in the catchment. It is also proved that the remote sensing satellite data can be efficiently used for the spatio-temporal changes in LULC in real time.
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the USGS research team for allowing us to download the surface reflectance products of Landsat from their website http://www.earthexplorer.usgs.gov.
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Swain, R. (2022). Impact of Land Use/Land Cover Changes on Climate Change Parameters. In: Shit, P.K., Pourghasemi, H.R., Bhunia, G.S., Das, P., Narsimha, A. (eds) Geospatial Technology for Environmental Hazards. Advances in Geographic Information Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75197-5_9
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