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Liver Failure pp 65–90Cite as

Liver Regeneration in Acute and Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure

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Abstract

Liver regeneration is a unique process in which the organ returns to its original size, histologic structure and normal metabolic function. The past several decades have identified many of the mechanisms associated with regeneration after hepatic injury. Liver regeneration in acute liver failure, as well as acute on chronic liver injury, has provided crucial information regarding pathways of regeneration beyond what the classical models of partial hepatectomy have shown. There is a growing body of data regarding cellular differentiation and stem cell involvement in the regenerative process of the liver that has been uncovered in these clinically relevant models. In this chapter, we describe the common and unique details of these myriad molecular mechanisms, including immunomodulation, microRNAs, and the gut-liver axis. Key to these pathways are the role of cellular signaling and stem cells as they relate to liver regeneration in both acute and acute on chronic injury.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    Thomas M. Leventhal, Mandip KC & Clifford J. Steer

  2. Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    Clifford J. Steer

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  1. Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA

    Nikolaos Pyrsopoulos

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Leventhal, T.M., KC, M., Steer, C.J. (2020). Liver Regeneration in Acute and Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure. In: Pyrsopoulos, N. (eds) Liver Failure. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50983-5_4

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