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First Ornithischian and Theropod Dinosaur Teeth from the Middle Jurassic Kota Formation of India: Paleobiogeographic Relationships

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Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics

Part of the book series: Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology ((VERT))

Abstract

The Middle Jurassic Kota Formation of the Pranhita-Godavari Valley in peninsular India is well known for its vertebrate fauna comprising fishes, sphenodontians, iguanian lizards, cryptodire turtle, crocodilians, pterosaurs, sauropod dinosaurs and early mammals. However, no theropod and undoubted ornithischian dinosaur remains have been reported from the Jurassic of India until now. Here we describe the first theropod dinosaur teeth representing five morphotypes of Dromaeosauridae, one Richardoestesia-like form, and one Theropoda indet. The ornithischian dinosaur teeth are described under five morphotypes of Ornithischia indet. The new dinosaur fauna improves the diversity of the Jurassic vertebrate fauna of India significantly. It also improves the impoversished Jurassic record of dromaeosaurid and primitive ornithischian dinosaurs of the Gondwana. At higher taxonomic levels, the Kota fauna demonstrates close compositional similarities with Laurasian Jurassic faunas, such as the Middle Jurassic fauna of England, and limited Gondwanan affinities, which may suggest closer connection with the Laurasian continents and existence of some biogeographic partitioning within the Gondwana in the Jurassic. However, this interpretation is subject to further verification in the least explored areas of Gondwana.

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Acknowledgements

This contribution is dedicated to Prof. Ashok Sahni who has been a source of inspiration for a generation of Indian vertebrate paleontologists. The authors are thankful to Peter Galton, Paul Barrett, and Alexander O. Averianov for their insightful comments and suggestions on the original manuscript. Lourembam Ranjit Singh is thanked for his help in making the figures. GVRP acknowledges grants for this work from J. C. Bose National Fellowship of Science and Engineering Research Board, New Delhi. The research was also supported by funds from the Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi (SR/FTP/ES-46/2009) to VP in the form of Fast Track Research Project.

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    Guntupalli V. R. Prasad

  2. Department of Geology, University of Jammu, Jammu, 180006, India

    Varun Parmar

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    Guntupalli V.R. Prasad

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    Rajeev Patnaik

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Prasad, G.V.R., Parmar, V. (2020). First Ornithischian and Theropod Dinosaur Teeth from the Middle Jurassic Kota Formation of India: Paleobiogeographic Relationships. In: Prasad, G.V., Patnaik, R. (eds) Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49753-8_1

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