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Ecotoxicology of Environmental Pollutants

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Advanced Nano-Bio Technologies for Water and Soil Treatment

Abstract

The most discussed hazardous properties of chemicals with respect to environmental impacts include persistency, tendency to bioaccumulate in biota, human toxicity, and ecotoxicity to living biota. In this chapter, aimed primarily at students and non-professionals in ecotoxicology such as environmental engineers or remediation experts, brief introduction to ecotoxicology is provided. The chapter brings introductory insights into the concepts of ecotoxicology and effects of chemicals in biological systems including the discussion of concentration–response relationships. Further, we introduce methods and tools in the testing of ecotoxicity, i.e., bioassays, and discuss their applications in both prospective and retrospective hazard assessment. Finally, the chapter provides a simple overview of major contaminants and their documented ecotoxic impacts on living organisms in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Because of their fast life cycle, high plasticity and adaptability, assays with bacteria and other microorganisms are not usually among the basic regulatory batteries for ecotoxicity testing. Nevertheless, many bacterial models exist and play inevitable roles. For example, in testing for genotoxicity (Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium) or in rapid screenings (30-min assay with bioluminescent bacteria Aliivibrio (formerly Vibrio) fisheri, also known as Microtox test).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic

    Luděk Bláha & Jakub Hofman

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  1. Luděk Bláha
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  2. Jakub Hofman
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Correspondence to Luděk Bláha .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic

    Jan Filip

  2. Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic

    Tomáš Cajthaml

  3. Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic

    Petra Najmanová

  4. Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic

    Miroslav Černík

  5. Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic

    Radek Zbořil

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Bláha, L., Hofman, J. (2020). Ecotoxicology of Environmental Pollutants. In: Filip, J., Cajthaml, T., Najmanová, P., Černík, M., Zbořil, R. (eds) Advanced Nano-Bio Technologies for Water and Soil Treatment. Applied Environmental Science and Engineering for a Sustainable Future. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29840-1_27

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