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Myositis Basics/Who Gets Myositis

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Managing Myositis

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Abstract

The idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), often referred to collectively but less specifically as “myositis,” have an estimated prevalence of ~14 per 100,000 with an annual incidence of ~8 per 1,000,000 population, which appears to be increasing over time. Any age group can be affected, but myositis commonly presents between 30 and 60 years of age. Differences are seen based on autoantibody subtypes as, for example, anti-signal recognition particle (SRP) seems more common in younger adults. Females are affected about twice as often as males, but again there are important differences when considering specific clinical subtypes as inclusion body myositis (IBM) is more common in males. Current research is focussed on understanding the complex interactions between genetic susceptibility and exposures to environmental triggers. The majority of genetic risk factors identified to date lie within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), a region which contains genes responsible for antigen presentation, but a small number of genetic risk factors have been found outside this region and implicated in innate and adaptive immune functions. Important environmental associations have been already identified, including exposures to ultraviolet radiation, smoking and certain medications such as statins.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Rheumatology Department, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK

    Matthew J. S. Parker & Hector Chinoy

  2. The National Institute for Health Research Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

    Matthew J. S. Parker & Hector Chinoy

  3. Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

    Matthew J. S. Parker

  4. MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

    Robert G. Cooper

  5. Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

    Robert G. Cooper & Janine A. Lamb

Authors
  1. Matthew J. S. Parker
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  2. Hector Chinoy
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  3. Robert G. Cooper
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  4. Janine A. Lamb
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Matthew J. S. Parker .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Rohit Aggarwal

  2. Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Chester V. Oddis

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Parker, M.J.S., Chinoy, H., Cooper, R.G., Lamb, J.A. (2020). Myositis Basics/Who Gets Myositis. In: Aggarwal, R., Oddis, C. (eds) Managing Myositis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15820-0_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15820-0_2

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