Abstract
The aim of the paper is to show how slips of the ear can contribute to the understanding of spoken word processing be native speakers and second language learners and to the description of the structure of the mental lexicon for native and second languages. In our experiment, 30 native Russian speakers and 30 Chinese students learning Russian as a second language listened to 100 Russian words and had to write them down. We analyzed the mistakes in the answers of the both groups of participants checking different linguistic and psycholinguistic parameters (phonetic factors, part-of-speech, priming and frequency effects). We found out that the native language of a listener influences the recognition of spoken words both in native and non-native language on the phonetic level. The processing on higher levels is less language specific: we found evidence that the word frequency effect and priming effect are relevant for processing Russian words by both native and non-native speakers.
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Acknowledgements
The study is supported by the research grant No 16-18-02042 from the Russian Science Foundation. We would like to thank our colleague Tatiana Petrova who helped us to organise the experiment with second language learners.
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Appendix
Appendix
Lists of stimuli (in the order they were presented in the experiment)
# | Stimulus and translation | Number of syllables | Part of speech | # | Stimulus and translation | Number of syllables | Part of speech |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | chelovek ‘man/person’ | 3 | noun | 51 | pogibnut’ ‘perish’ | 3 | verb |
2 | ljubit’ ‘to love’ | 2 | verb | 52 | ves’ ‘whole’ | 1 | pronoun |
3 | gotovyj ‘ready’ | 3 | adjective | 53 | familija ‘last name’ | 4 | noun |
4 | fil’m ‘movie’ | 1 | noun | 54 | khotet’ ‘to want’ | 2 | verb |
5 | skazat’ ‘to tell’ | 2 | verb | 55 | obshchestvo ‘society’ | 3 | noun |
6 | zhenschina ‘woman’ | 3 | noun | 56 | ijun’ ‘June’ | 2 | noun |
7 | vmeste ‘together’ | 2 | adverb | 57 | snjat’ ‘to take off’ | 1 | verb |
8 | porjadok ‘order’ | 3 | noun | 58 | ljogkij ‘easy, light’ | 2 | adjective |
9 | pervyj ‘first’ | 2 | numeral | 59 | nazad ‘back’ | 2 | adverb |
10 | stikhi ‘poems’ | 2 | noun | 60 | uspekh ‘success’ | 2 | noun |
11 | vzjat’ ‘to take’ | 1 | verb | 61 | region ‘region’ | 3 | noun |
12 | khorosho ‘well’ | 3 | adverb | 62 | verit’ ‘to believe’ | 2 | verb |
13 | forma ‘form’ | 2 | noun | 63 | tjotja ‘aunt’ | 2 | noun |
14 | den’gi ‘money’ | 2 | noun | 64 | kljuch ‘key’ | 1 | noun |
15 | daljokij ‘distant’ | 3 | adjective | 65 | srazu ‘at once’ | 2 | adverb |
16 | protsess ‘process’ | 2 | noun | 66 | predlozhenie ‘sentence, offer’ | 5 | noun |
17 | poluchit’ ‘to receive’ | 3 | verb | 67 | byt’ ‘to be’ | 1 | verb |
18 | russkij ‘Russian’ | 2 | adjective | 68 | gazeta ‘newspaper’ | 3 | noun |
19 | yescho ‘more, else’ | 2 | adverb | 69 | belyj ‘white’ | 2 | adjective |
20 | ljuboj ‘any’ | 2 | pronoun | 70 | vspomnit’ ‘to remember’ | 2 | verb |
21 | bereg ‘coast, shore’ | 2 | noun | 71 | khimicheskij ‘chemical’ | 4 | adjective |
22 | poetomu ‘that is why’ | 4 | pronoun | 72 | veshch ‘thing’ | 1 | noun |
23 | kazhdyj ‘every’ | 2 | pronoun | 73 | pjatnitsa ‘Friday’ | 3 | noun |
24 | dom ‘house’ | 1 | noun | 74 | bol’she ‘more’ | 2 | adverb |
25 | umet’ ‘to be able to’ | 2 | verb | 75 | chjornyj ‘black’ | 2 | adjective |
26 | shirokij ‘wide’ | 3 | adjective | 76 | firma ‘company’ | 2 | noun |
27 | revoljutsija ‘revolution’ | 5 | noun | 77 | kriknut’ ‘to shout’ | 2 | verb |
28 | vkljuchat’ ‘to switch on’ | 2 | verb | 78 | vsjakij ‘any’ | 2 | pronoun |
29 | gde ‘where’ | 1 | pronoun | 79 | vykhodit’ ‘to go out’ | 3 | verb |
30 | namjoki ‘allusions’ | 3 | noun | 80 | bjudzhet ‘budget’ | 2 | noun |
31 | sfera ‘sphere’ | 2 | noun | 81 | nachalo ‘beginning’ | 3 | noun |
32 | nastojashchij ‘real’ | 4 | adjective | 82 | glava ‘head, chapter’ | 2 | noun |
33 | brat’ ‘to take’ | 1 | verb | 83 | vsjo ‘everything’ | 1 | adverb |
34 | tikhij ‘quiet’ | 2 | adjective | 84 | mjagkij ‘soft’ | 2 | adjective |
35 | model’ ‘model’ | 2 | noun | 85 | sjuda ‘here (direction)’ | 2 | adverb |
36 | khozjain ‘host’ | 3 | noun | 86 | byvshij ‘former, ex-’ | 2 | adjective |
37 | vid ‘view’ | 1 | noun | 87 | znat’ ‘to know’ | 1 | verb |
38 | pisat’ ‘to write’ | 2 | verb | 88 | khoroshij ‘good’ | 3 | adjective |
39 | general ‘general’ | 3 | noun | 89 | odin ‘one, single’ | 2 | numeral |
40 | ser’joznyj ‘serious’ | 3 | adjective | 90 | zhizn’ ‘life’ | 1 | noun |
41 | zemlja ‘earth, ground’ | 2 | noun | 91 | shchjoki ‘cheeks’ | 2 | noun |
42 | nabljudat’ ‘to observe’ | 3 | verb | 92 | schema ‘scheme’ | 2 | noun |
43 | luchshij ‘the best’ | 2 | adjective | 93 | neuzheli ‘really?’ | 4 | particle |
44 | tsel’ ‘goal’ | 1 | noun | 94 | fakt ‘fact’ | 1 | noun |
45 | rebjonok ‘child’ | 3 | noun | 95 | ljubimyj ‘favourite’ | 3 | adjective |
46 | ochen’ ‘very’ | 2 | adverb | 96 | teper’ ‘now’ | 2 | adverb |
47 | zhit’ ‘to live’ | 1 | verb | 97 | geroj ‘hero’ | 2 | noun |
48 | drugoj ‘another’ | 2 | pronoun | 98 | uvidet’ ‘to see’ | 3 | verb |
49 | tserkov’ ‘church’ | 2 | noun | 99 | soobshchit’ ‘to inform’ | 3 | verb |
50 | den’ ‘day’ | 1 | noun | 100 | ofitser ‘officer’ | 3 | noun |
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Riekhakaynen, E.I., Balanovskaia, A. (2019). Slips of the Ear as Clues for Speech Processing. In: Eismont, P., Mitrenina, O., Pereltsvaig, A. (eds) Language, Music and Computing. LMAC 2017. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 943. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05594-3_9
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