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Acute and Long-Term Effects of Chemoradiation Therapy in Head and Neck Cancer

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Clinical Care and Rehabilitation in Head and Neck Cancer

Abstract

Cancer treatment is a life-altering experience. This is especially true for cancers involving the head and neck, an anatomical region in which many structures are located within a relatively small area. Vital functions can be impacted by both the tumor and from a result of medical intervention such as radiation therapy (RT) or chemoradiation therapy (CRT). The side effects for both RT and CRT may vary from person to person, and this often may depend on the duration of time since treatment was completed. These effects can be divided into acute, chronic, and late-stage effects. Regardless of the time of onset, side effects can be substantially disabling to the individual who undergoes treatment. This chapter begins with a discussion of the treatment of advanced laryngeal cancer before and after circa 1990. Early and acute changes include mucositis, hyposalivation and xerostomia, and changes in taste and smell. Chronic and late effects of treatment including fibrosis, radiation caries, lymphedema, and dysphagia are addressed. A comparison of chronic vs. late radiation-associated dysphagia will be provided with a discussion of neuromuscular and musculoskeletal impairments. Finally, information related to therapeutic options for specific side effects is provided.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Stanford Voice and Swallowing Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA

    Ann Kearney

  2. Speech Pathology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Patricia W. Cavanagh

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  1. Ann Kearney
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  2. Patricia W. Cavanagh
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Correspondence to Ann Kearney .

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  1. Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and School of Communication Sciences & Disorders , Western University, London, ON, Canada

    Philip C. Doyle

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Kearney, A., Cavanagh, P.W. (2019). Acute and Long-Term Effects of Chemoradiation Therapy in Head and Neck Cancer. In: Doyle, P. (eds) Clinical Care and Rehabilitation in Head and Neck Cancer. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04702-3_20

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