Skip to main content

Free Probability, Random Matrices, and Representations of Non-commutative Rational Functions

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Computation and Combinatorics in Dynamics, Stochastics and Control (Abelsymposium 2016)

Part of the book series: Abel Symposia ((ABEL,volume 13))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

A fundamental problem in free probability theory is to understand distributions of “non-commutative functions” in freely independent variables. Due to the asymptotic freeness phenomenon, which occurs for many types of independent random matrices, such distributions can describe the asymptotic eigenvalue distribution of corresponding random matrix models when their dimension tends to infinity. For non-commutative polynomials and rational functions, an algorithmic solution to this problem is presented. It relies on suitable representations for these functions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Amitsur, S.A.: Rational identities and applications to algebra and geometry. J. Algebra 3, 304–359 (1966)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  2. Anderson, G.W.: Convergence of the largest singular value of a polynomial in independent Wigner matrices. Ann. Probab. 41(3B), 2103–2181 (2013)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  3. Ball, J.A., Groenewald, G., Malakorn, T.: Structured noncommutative multidimensional linear systems. SIAM J. Control Optim. 44(1), 1474–1528 (2005)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. Belinschi, S.T., Mai, T., Speicher, R.: Analytic subordination theory of operator-valued free additive convolution and the solution of a general random matrix problem. J. Reine Angew. Math. 732, 21–53 (2017)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  5. Belinschi, S.T., Sniady, P., Speicher, R.: Eigenvalues of non-hermitian random matrices and Brown measure of non-normal operators: hermitian reduction and linearization method. Linear Algebra Appl. 537, 48–83 (2018)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  6. Bergman, G.W.: Skew fields of noncommutative rational functions (preliminary version). Séminaire Schützenberger 1, 1–18 (1969–1970)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Berstel, J., Reutenauer, C.: Rational Series and Their Languages. Springer, Berlin (1988)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  8. Biane, P., Lehner, F.: Computation of some examples of Brown’s spectral measure in free probability. Colloq. Math. 90(2), 181–211 (2001)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Brown, L.G.: Lidskii’s theorem in the type II case. In: Araki, H. (ed.) Geometric Methods in Operator Algebras, Proceedings of the US-Japan Seminar, Kyoto 1983. Pitman Research Notes in Mathematics Series, vol. 123, pp. 1–35. Longman Scientific and Technical/Wiley, New York/Harlow (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Cohn, P.M.: Free Rings and Their Relations, 2nd edn. London Mathematical Society Monographs, vol. 19. Academic Press, London (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers), XXII, p. 588 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Cohn, P.M.: Free Ideal Rings and Localization in General Rings. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2006)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  12. Cohn, P.M., Reutenauer, C.: A normal form in free fields. Can. J. Math. 46(3), 517–531 (1994)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  13. Cohn, P.M., Reutenauer, C.: On the construction of the free field. Int. J. Algebra Comput. 9(3–4), 307–323 (1999)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  14. Fliess, M.: Sur divers produits de séries formelles. Bull. Soc. Math. Fr. 102, 181–191 (1974)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Füredi, Z., Komloś, J.: The eigenvalues of random symmetric matrices. Combinatorica 1, 233–241 (1981)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  16. Haagerup, U., Larsen, F.: Brown’s spectral distribution measure for R-diagonal elements in finite von Neumann algebras. J. Funct. Anal. 176(2), 331–367 (2000)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Haagerup, U., Schultz, H., Thorbjørnsen, S.: A random matrix approach to the lack of projections in \(C_{\mathrm {red}}^{\ast }(\mathbb F_2)\). Adv. Math. 204(1), 1–83 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Haagerup, U., Thorbjørnsen, S.: A new application of random matrices: \(\operatorname {Ext} (C_{\text{red}}^*(F_2))\) is not a group. Ann. Math. (2) 162(2), 711–775 (2005)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. Helton, J.W., Mai, T., Speicher, R.: Applications of realizations (aka Linearizations) to free probability. J. Funct. Anal. 274(1), 1–79 (2018)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  20. Helton, J.W., McCullough, S.A., Vinnikov, V.: Noncommutative convexity arises from linear matrix inequalities. J. Funct. Anal. 240(1), 105–191 (2006)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. Hiai, F., Petz, D.: The Semicircle Law, Free Random Variables and Entropy. American Mathematical Society (AMS), Providence (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Higman, G.: The units of group-rings. Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (2) 46, 231–248 (1940)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Kaliuzhnyi-Verbovetskyi, D.S., Vinnikov, V.: Singularities of rational functions and minimal factorizations: the noncommutative and the commutative setting. Linear Algebra Appl. 430(4), 869–889 (2009)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  24. Kaliuzhnyi-Verbovetskyi, D.S., Vinnikov, V.: Noncommutative rational functions, their difference-differential calculus and realizations. Multidim. Syst. Signal Process. 23(1–2), 49–77 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  25. Kaliuzhnyi-Verbovetskyi, D.S., Vinnikov, V.: Foundations of Free Noncommutative Function Theory. American Mathematical Society (AMS), Providence (2014)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. Kalman, R.E.: Mathematical description of linear dynamical systems. J. Soc. Ind. Appl. Math. Ser. A Control 1, 152–192 (1963)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  27. Kalman, R.E.: Realization theory of linear dynamical systems. In: Control Theory and Topics in Functional Analysis, vol. II. Lecture Presented at the International Seminar Course, Trieste, vol. 1974, pp. 235–256 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Kleene, S.C.: Representation of Events in Nerve Nets and Finite Automata. Automata Studies, p. 341. Princeton University Press, Princeton (1956)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Malcolmson, P.: A prime matrix ideal yields a skew field. J. Lond. Math. Soc. II Ser. 18, 221–233 (1978)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  30. Mingo, J.A., Speicher, R.: Free Probability and Random Matrices. Fields Institute Monographs, vol. 35. Springer, New York (2017)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  31. Nica, A., Speicher, R.: Lectures on the Combinatorics of Free Probability. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2006)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  32. Schützenberger, M.P.: On the definition of a family of automata. Inf. Control 4, 245–270 (1961)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  33. Taylor, J.L.: A general framework for a multi-operator functional calculus. Adv. Math. 9, 183–252 (1972)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  34. Taylor, J.L.: Functions of several noncommuting variables. Bull. Am. Math. Soc. 79, 1–34 (1973)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  35. Voiculescu, D.: Limit laws for random matrices and free products. Invent. Math. 104(1), 201–220 (1991)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  36. Voiculescu, D., Dykema, K.J., Nica, A.: Free random variables. A noncommutative probability approach to free products with applications to random matrices, operator algebras and harmonic analysis on free groups. American Mathematical Society, Providence (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Volcic, J.: Matrix coefficient realization theory of noncommutative rational functions. J. Algebra 499, 397–437 (2018)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  38. Wigner, E.P.: Characteristic vectors of bordered matrices with infinite dimensions. Ann. Math. (2) 62, 548–564 (1955)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  39. Yin, S.: Non-commutative rational functions in strongly convergent random variables. Adv. Oper. Theory 3(1), 190–204 (2018)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the ERC Advanced Grant “Non-commutative Distributions in Free Probability” (grant no. 339760).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Roland Speicher .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Mai, T., Speicher, R. (2018). Free Probability, Random Matrices, and Representations of Non-commutative Rational Functions. In: Celledoni, E., Di Nunno, G., Ebrahimi-Fard, K., Munthe-Kaas, H. (eds) Computation and Combinatorics in Dynamics, Stochastics and Control. Abelsymposium 2016. Abel Symposia, vol 13. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01593-0_19

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics