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Aquaculture System Management and Water Conservation

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Modern Water Resources Engineering

Part of the book series: Handbook of Environmental Engineering ((HEE,volume 15))

Abstract

Aquaculture or aquafarming is the cultivation of aquatic populations, including both aquatic animals and plants, under controlled environments. This chapter describes the environmental issues and regulations regarding aquaculture. Aquaculture water management, water supply, waste management, waste characterization and water quality related to aquaculture operation, and design of aquaculture system are emphasized. The use of three aquaculture systems (water hyacinth system, natural wetland system, and man-made Living Machine) for wastewater treatment and water conservation are presented.

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Abbreviations

ADC:

Apparent digestibility coefficients

BMPs:

Best management practices

BOD:

Biochemical oxygen demand

CWA:

Clean Water Act

DEQ:

Idaho Division of Environmental Quality

DO:

Dissolved oxygen

FAO:

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

FDA:

Food and Drug Administration

FFS:

Full-flow settling

N:

Nitrogen

NH3 :

Un-ionized ammonia

NH4 + :

Ammonium ion

NO2 − :

Nitrite

NPDES:

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

NRE:

Nutrient retention efficiencies

OLS:

Off-line settling

P:

Phosphorus

QZ:

Quiescent zone

R t :

Retention time

SS:

Suspended solids

TSS:

Total suspended solids

US EPA:

United States Environmental Protection Agency

V o :

Overflow rate

V s :

Settling velocity

References

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Yung-Tse Hung Ph.D., P.E., D.EE, F-ASCE

  2. School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia

    Hamidi A. Aziz Ph.D.

  3. Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johore, Malaysia

    Mohd Erwan Sanik M.Sc.

  4. School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia

    Mohd Suffian Yusoff Ph.D.

  5. Lenox Institute of Water Technology, Newtonville, NY, USA

    Lawrence K. Wang Ph.D., P.E., D.EE

  6. Krofta Engineering Corporation, Lenox, MA, USA

    Lawrence K. Wang Ph.D., P.E., D.EE

  7. Zorex Corporation, Newtonville, NY, USA

    Lawrence K. Wang Ph.D., P.E., D.EE

Authors
  1. Yung-Tse Hung Ph.D., P.E., D.EE, F-ASCE
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  2. Hamidi A. Aziz Ph.D.
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  3. Mohd Erwan Sanik M.Sc.
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  4. Mohd Suffian Yusoff Ph.D.
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  5. Lawrence K. Wang Ph.D., P.E., D.EE
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Zorex Corporation, Newtonville, New York, USA

    Lawrence K. Wang

  2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA

    Chih Ted Yang

Appendix

Appendix

Table A1 FDA-approved drugs used in aquaculture. Source: U.S. EPA [15]
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Table A2 Drugs of low regulatory priority for FDA used in aquaculture. Source: U.S. EPA [15]
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Table A3 U.S. EPA-registered algaecides for aquaculture/aquatic sites. Source: U.S. EPA [15]
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Table A4 U.S. EPA-registered fish toxicants. Source: U.S. EPA [15]
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Table A5 U.S. EPA-registered herbicides. Source: U.S. EPA [15]
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Table A6 USDA-licensed biologics for fish (vaccines). Source: U.S. EPA [15]
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Hung, YT., Aziz, H.A., Sanik, M.E., Yusoff, M.S., Wang, L.K. (2014). Aquaculture System Management and Water Conservation. In: Wang, L., Yang, C. (eds) Modern Water Resources Engineering. Handbook of Environmental Engineering, vol 15. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-595-8_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-595-8_15

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-62703-594-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-62703-595-8

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