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Influenza Virus pp 487–511Cite as

Assessment of Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Stalk-Specific Antibody Responses

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Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1836))

Abstract

Animal models are essential to examine the pathogenesis and transmission of influenza viruses and for preclinical evaluation of influenza virus vaccines. Among the animal models used in influenza virus research, the domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) is the gold standard. As seen in humans, infection with influenza virus or immunization with an influenza virus vaccine induces humoral and cellular immunity in ferrets that provides protection against infection by an antigenically similar influenza virus. Antibodies against the globular head domain of the influenza hemagglutinin can provide sterilizing immunity against virus infection by blocking receptor binding. However, antibodies that bind the stalk region of the hemagglutinin also confer protection by several mechanisms including antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity or phagocytosis. Recently, the antigenically and structurally conserved hemagglutinin stalk has become an attractive target for the development of universal influenza virus vaccines that hold the promise to provide protection against influenza epidemics and pandemics. Herein, in vivo and in vitro assays, including optimization of assay conditions to examine hemagglutinin stalk-specific antibody responses in small animal models, are described.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are supported in part by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, NIH/NIAID grants U19 AI109946 and P01AI097092, and the NIH/NIAID Centers of Influenza Virus Research and Surveillance (CEIRS) contract HHSN272201400008C. WCL is a recipient of a training fellowship from the Taiwan Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST 105-2917-I-564-006-A1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA

    Wen-Chun Liu, Raffael Nachbagauer, Florian Krammer & Randy A. Albrecht

  2. Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA

    Randy A. Albrecht

Authors
  1. Wen-Chun Liu
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  2. Raffael Nachbagauer
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  3. Florian Krammer
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  4. Randy A. Albrecht
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Correspondence to Randy A. Albrecht .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

    Yohei Yamauchi

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Liu, WC., Nachbagauer, R., Krammer, F., Albrecht, R.A. (2018). Assessment of Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Stalk-Specific Antibody Responses. In: Yamauchi, Y. (eds) Influenza Virus. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1836. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8678-1_23

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8678-1_23

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-8677-4

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