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Prohormone Processing Enzymes and Protein Production

  • Conference paper
Book cover Cell Biology and Biotechnology

Part of the book series: Serono Symposia, USA ((SERONOSYMP))

Abstract

There are two general classes of proteins synthesized by the cell: the group of cytosolic proteins (including proteins of the nucleus and mitochondria) and the secretory proteins. The secretory proteins generally undergo extensive posttranslational modification (glycosylation, fatty acylation, proteolysis, and so on) as they travel though the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus (summarized in Fig. 6.1) (reviewed in 1). Proteins targeted to the secretory apparatus with final destinations outside of the cell are also subdivided into two groups: proteins that enter the default, or constitutive pathway, and those specifically sorted to the regulated pathway of secretion (2). Unlike the ubiquitous constitutive pathway, regulated secretion is restricted to certain cell types (endocrine and exocrine) and to specific kinds of proteins (e.g., certain prohormones and degradative enzymes, such as trypsin, and the like). Furthermore, an important feature that distinguishes the regulated from the constitutive pathway is the requirement for a specific extracellular signal before stored proteins within the coated secretory granules may be released into the external milieu of the cell. Proteins that are constitutively released do not have these restrictions.

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Authors
  1. Debyra Groskreutz
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  2. Dave Marriott
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  3. Cornelia Gorman
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, 709 Swedeland Road, 19406, King of Prussia, PA, USA

    Melvin S. Oka Ph.D.

  2. Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, 10591, Tarrytown, NY, USA

    Randall G. Rupp Ph.D.

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© 1993 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.

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Groskreutz, D., Marriott, D., Gorman, C. (1993). Prohormone Processing Enzymes and Protein Production. In: Oka, M.S., Rupp, R.G. (eds) Cell Biology and Biotechnology. Serono Symposia, USA. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9418-1_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9418-1_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-9420-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-9418-1

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