Skip to main content

X-Ray Analysis of a Difluorostatone Renin Inhibitor Bound as the Tetrahedral Hydrate to the Aspartic Protease Endothiapepsin

  • Chapter
Structure and Function of the Aspartic Proteinases

Abstract

In this study we report the X-ray analysis of a complex between the aspartic protease endothiapepsin (EC 3.4.23.6) and an inhibitor bound as a carbonyl hydrate (gem-diol) to the catalytic aspartates of this enzyme, in a manner closely resembling the putative tetrahedral intermediate in proteolytic cleavage of the peptide bond.1 This study was undertaken in order to obtain a closer model of the interactions stabilizing this intermediate than those used in previous analyses, which were based on X-ray crystallographic data obtained from inhibitors lacking one or both of the hydroxyl residues of this species.2,3

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Full experimental details will be reported elsewhere. The coordinates of the complex will be deposited in the Brookhaven Protein Data Bank.

    Google Scholar 

  2. M. N. G. James and A. R. Sielecki, Stereochemical analysis of peptide bond hydrolysis catalyzed by the aspartic proteinase penicillopepsin, Biochemistry 24: 3701 (1985).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. K. Suguna, E. A. Padlan, C. W. Smith, W. D. Carlson, and D. R. Davies, Binding of a reduced peptide inhibitor to the aspartic proteinase from rhizopus chinensis: implications for a mechanism of action, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 84: 7009 (1987).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. A. Sali, B. Veerapandian, J. B. Cooper, S. I. Foundling, D. J. Hoover, and T. L. Blundell, High-resolution X-ray diffraction study of the complex between endothiapepsin and an oligopeptide inhibitor: the analysis of the inhibitor binding and description of the rigid body shift in the enzyme, Embo J. 8: 2179 (1989), and refs. therein.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. M. H. Gelb, J. P. Svaren, and R. H. Abeles, Fluoro-ketone inhibitors of hydrolytic enzymes, Biochemistry 24: 1813 (1985).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. S. Thaisrivongs, D. T. Pals, W. M. Kati, S. R. Turner, L. M. Thomasco, and W. Watt, Design and synthesis of potent and specific renin inhibitors containing difluorostatine, difluorostatone, and related analogs, J. Med. Chem. 29: 2080 (1986), and references therein.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. D. B. Damon and D. J. Hoover, Synthesis of the ketodifluoromethylene dipeptide isostere, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112: 6439 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. T. Ishihara, T. Yamanaka, and T. Ando, New low-valent titanium catalyzed reaction of chlorodifluoromethyl ketones leading to difluorinated ß-hydroxy ketones, Chem. Lett. 1165 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  9. A. Goldblum, Theoretical calculations on the acidity of the active site in aspartic proteinases, Biochemistry 27: 1653 (1988).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. P. Deslongchamps, Stereoelectronic control in the cleavage of tetrahedral intermediates in the hydrolysis of esters and amides, Tetrahedron 31: 2463 (1975).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. R. A. Eades, D. A. Well, D. A. Dixon, and C. H. Douglass, Jr., Inversion barriers in methyl-substituted amines, J. Phys. Chem. 85: 976 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. L. Polgar, The mechanism of action of aspartic proteases involves ‘push-pull’ catalysis, FEBS Lett. 219: 1 (1987).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1991 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hoover, D.J. et al. (1991). X-Ray Analysis of a Difluorostatone Renin Inhibitor Bound as the Tetrahedral Hydrate to the Aspartic Protease Endothiapepsin. In: Dunn, B.M. (eds) Structure and Function of the Aspartic Proteinases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 306. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6012-4_32

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6012-4_32

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-6014-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-6012-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics