Abstract
The initial characterization of Interleukin-3 (IL-3) came from a series of studies designed to identify the factors regulating early T-cell differentiation. The approach used took advantage of a series of observations demonstrating that the enzyme 20 α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20 αSDH) was uniquely associated with the T-cell lineage (Weinstein, 1977; Weinstein et al., 1977; Pepersack et al., 1980). The enzyme is readily detectable in lymphoid tissues of normal mice, in which it is predominantly associated with Thy-1+ cells. The enzyme is either not detectable or occurs at low levels in fetal liver or spleen cells and is absent in spleen cells from genetically athymic or neonatally thymectomized mice. These results demonstrated that 20 αSDH expression is not associated with either B-cell differentiation or the majority of differentiation of myeloid, erythroid, or monocytelike lineages. The in vivo distribution of 20 αSDH was thus most consistent with a unique T-cell lineage expression, which was further supported by examining a variety of tissue-culture cell lines. In particular, 20 αSDH was not detectable in B-cell lines, macrophage/monocyte lines, or erythroid cell lines. In contrast, T-cell lines with a helper phenotype had low levels of 20 αSDH. Cytotoxic IL-2-dependent, T-cell lines were found to have high levels of 20 αSDH. Of particular interest was the observation that terminal transferase (TdT)-positive T-cell lymphomas had no detectable 20 αSDH, consistent with the in vivo data demonstrating that 20 αSDH occurs uniquely in the medullary, hydrocortisone- resistant thymic population. In addition to these data, it has been suggested that 20 αSDH expression is associated with granulopoiesis (Garland and Dexter, 1982, 1983) based on the presence of 20 αSDH in a series of factor-dependent cell lines established from long-term bone marrow cultures.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bartelmez, S. H., Sacca, R. S., and Stanley, E. R., 1984, (submitted).
Bazill, G. W., Haynes, M., Garland, J., and Dexter, T. M., 1983, Biochem J. 210:629.
Dayhoff, M. O., 1976, Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure, National Biomedical Research Foundation, Washington, DC, Vol. 5, Suppl. 2, p. 1.
Dexter, T. M., Garland, J., Scott, D., Scolnick, E., and Metcalf, D., 1980, J. Exp. Med. 152:1036.
Djeu, J. Y., Lanza, E., Hapel, A. J., and Ihle, J. N., 1982, in: NK Cells and Other Natural Effector Cells (R. B. Herberman, ed.), p. 917, Academic Press, New York.
Dy, M., Lebel, B., Kamoun, P., and Hamburger, J., 1981, J. Exp. Med. 153:293.
Fung, M. C., Hap el, A. J., Ymer, S., Cohen, D. R., Johnson, R. M., Campbell, H. D., and Young, I. G., 1984, Nature 307:233.
Galli, S. J., Dvorak, A. M., Ishizaka, T., Nabel, G., Simonian, H. D., Cantor, H., and Dvorak, H. F., 1982, Nature 298:288.
Garland, J. M., and Dexter, T. M., 1982, Eur. J. Immunol 12:998.
Garland, J. M., Dexter, T. M., Lanotte, M., Howarth, C., and Aldridge, A., 1983 in: Inter- leukins, Lymphokines and Cytokines (J.J. Oppenheim and S. Cohen, eds.), p. 123, Academic Press, New York.
Gillis, S., Union, N. A., Baker, P. E., and Smith, K., 1979, J. Exp. Med. 149:1460.
Goldwasser, E., Ihle, J. N., Prystowsky, M. B., Rich, I., and Van Zant, G. 1983, in: Normal and Neoplastic Hematopoiesis, p. 301, Alan R. Liss, New York.
Greenberger, J. S., Gans, P. J., Davisson, P. B., and Moloney, W. C., 1979, Blood 53:987.
Hap el, A. J., Lee, J. C., Farrar, W. L., and Ihle, J. N., 1981, Cell 25:179.
Ihle, J. N., Pepersack, L., and Rebar, L., 1981, J. Immunol 126:2184.
Ihle, J. N., Enjuanes, L., Lee, J. C., and Keller, J., 1982a, in: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 101:31.
Ihle, J. N., Keller, J., Henderson, L., Klein, F., and Palaszynski, E. W. 1982b, J. Immunol 129:2431.
Ihle, J. N., Rebar, L., Keller, J., Lee, J. C., and Hapel, A., 1982c, Immunol Rev. 63:101.
Ihle, J. N., Keller, J., Oroszlan, S., Henderson, L., Copeland, T., Fitch, F., Prystowsky, M. B., Goldwasser, E., Schrader, J. W., Palaszynski, E., Dy, M., and Lebel, B., 1983, J. Immunol. 131:282.
Iscove, N.N. 1978, in: Hemoatopoietic Cell Differentiation (D. W. Goldie, M.S. Cline, D. Metcalf, and C. F. Fox, eds.) p. 37, Academic Press, New York.
Ishizaka, K., and Adachi, T. 1976, J. Immunol. 117:40.
Katz, H. R., LeBlanc, P. A., and Russell, S. W., 1983, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 80:5916.
Lattime, E. C., Pecoraro, G. A., and Stutman, O., 1983, J. Exp. Med. 157:1070.
Le Blanc, P. A., Russell, S. W., and Chang, S.-M. T, 1982, J. Reticuloendothel. Soc. 32:219.
Lee, J. C., and Ihle, J. N., 1979, J. Immunol 123:2351.
Lee, J. C., and Ihle, J. N., 1981a, Nature 209:407.
Lee, J. C., and Ihle, J. N., 1981b, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 78:7712.
Lee, J. C., Hapel, A. J., and Ihle, J. N., 1982, J. Immunol 128:2393.
Miller, R. A., and Stutman, O., 1983, J. Immunol 130:1749.
Nable, G., Galli, S. J., Dvorak, A. M., Dvorak, H. F., and Cantor, H., 1981, Nature 291:332.
Nagao, K., Yokoro, K., and Aaronson, S. A., 1981, Science 212:333.
Palaszynski, E. W., and Ihle, J. N., 1984,J. Immunol 132:1872.
Pepersack, L., Lee, J. C., McEwan, R., and Ihle, J. N., 1980, J. Immunol 124:279.
Prystowsky, M. B., Ely, J. M., Beller, D. I., Eisenberg, L., Goldman, J., Goldman, M., Goldwasser, E., Ihle, J., Quintans, H., Remold, H., Vogel, S., and Fitch, F. W., 1982, J. Immunol 129:2337.
Prystowsky, M. B., Ihle, J. N., Otten, G., Keller, J., Rich, I., Naujokas, M., Loken, M., Goldwasser, E., and Fitch, F. W., 1983, in: Normal and Neoplastic Hematopoiesis, Vol. 9 (D. W. Goldie and P. A. Marks, eds.), p. 369, Alan R. Liss, New York.
Razin, E., Cordon-Cardo, C., and Good, R. A., 1981, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 78:2559.
Razin, E., Stevens, R. L., Akiyama, F., Schmid, K., and Austen, K. F., 1982, J. Biol Chem. 257:7229.
Razin, E., Mencia-Huertas, J.-M., Stevens, R. L., Lewis, R. A., Liu, F.-T., Corey, E. J., and Austen, K. F., 1983,J. Exp. Med. 157:189.
Razin, E., Ihle, J. N., Seldin, D., Mencia-Huerta, J. M., Katz, H. R., Leblanc, P. A., Hein, A., Caulfleld, J. P., Austen, K. F., and Stevens, R. L., 1984, J. Immunol 132:1479.
Schrader, J. W., and Clark-Lewis, I., 1982, J. Immunol 129:30.
Schrader, J. W., Lewis, S. J., Clark-Lewis, I., and Culvenor, J. G., 1981, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci USA 78:323.
Schrader, J. W., Battye, F., and Scollay, R., 1982, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci USA 79:4161.
Stanley, E. R., and Guilbert, L. J., 1981, J. Immunol Methods 42:253.
Stevens, R. L., Razin, E., Austen, F., Hein, A., and Caulfield, J. P., 1983, J. Immunol (in press).
Thiede, A., Muller-Hermelink, H.-K., Sonntag, H. G., Muller-Ruchholtz, W., and Leder I.-D., 1971, Klin. Wochenschr. 49:435.
Weinstein, Y., 1977, J. Immunol 119:1223.
Weinstein, Y., Linder, H. R., and Eckstein, B., 1977, Nature 266:632.
Yokota, T., Lee, F., Rennick, D., Hall, C., Arai, N., Mosmann, T., Nabel, G., Cantor, H., and Arai, K., 1984, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 81:1070.
Yung, Y.-P., and Moore, M. A. S., 1982, J. Immunol 129:1256.
Yung, Y.-P., Eger, R., Tertian, G., and Moore, M. A. S., 1981, Immunol 127:794.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1985 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ihle, J.N. (1985). Biochemical and Biological Properties of Interleukin-3: A Lymphokine Mediating the Differentiation of a Lineage of Cells That Includes Prothymocytes and Mastlike Cells. In: Gillis, S., Inman, F.P. (eds) The Interleukins. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4838-2_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4838-2_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-4840-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-4838-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive