Skip to main content

Physiology of the Olivocochlear Efferents

  • Chapter
Auditory Pathway

Abstract

Our knowledge of auditory efferents has changed greatly over the past few years. A new conception of the anatomical organization of the efferents has been developed and it has been demonstrated that efferents can produce mechanical changes in the cochlea. These, in turn, have motivated experiments intended (1) to determine the cochlear effects produced by each of the new efferent groups and (2) to determine the nature of the mechanical changes produced by efferents. In this paper, I review some recent experiments and the substantial changes which they have produced in our understanding of the physiology of olivocochlear efferents.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Brown, M. C., and Nuttall, A. L., 1984, Efferent control of cochlear inner hair cell responses in the guinea-pig, J. Physiol., 354:625–646.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brownell, W. E., Bader, C. R., Bertrand, D. and de Ribaupierre, Y., 1985, Evoked mechanical responses of isolated cochlear outer hair cells, Science, 227:194–196.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dunn, R. A., 1975, A comparison of Golgi-impregnated innervation patterns and fine structural synaptic morphology in the cochlea of the cat. Ph. D. Dissertation, Harvard University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fex, J., 1967, Efferent inhibition in the cochlea related to hair cell dc activity: study of postsynaptic activity of the crossed olivocochlear fibers in the cat, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 41:666–675.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Geisler, C. D., 1974, Model of crossed olivocochlear bundle effects, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 56:1910–1912.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gifford, M. L., and Guinan, J. J., Jr., 1983, Effects of crossed-olivo- cochlear-bundle stimulation on cat auditory nerve fiber responses to tones, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 74:115–123.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gifford, M. L., and Guinan, J. J., Jr., 1987, Effects of electrical stimulation of medial olivocochlear neurons on ipsilateral and contralateral cochlear responses, Hearing Res., 29:179–194.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ginzberg, R. D. and Morest, D. K., 1983, A study of cochlear innervation in the young cat with the Golgi method, Hearing Res., 10:227.-246.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guinan, J. J., Jr., 1986, Effects of efferent neural activity on cochlear mechanics, Scand. Audiol. Suppl., 25:53–62.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guinan, J. J., Jr. and Gifford, M. L., 1988a, Effects of Electrical Stimulation of Efferent Olivocochlear Neurons on Cat Auditory-Nerve Fibers. I. Rate versus sound level functions. (Submitted to Hearing Res.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Guinan, J. J., Jr. and Gifford, M. L., 1988b, Effects of Electrical Stimulation of Efferent Olivocochlear Neurons on Cat Auditory-Nerve Fibers. II. Spontaneous Rate. (Submitted to Hearing Res.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Guinan, J. J., Jr., and Gifford, M. L., 1988c, Effects of electrical stimulation of efferent olivocochlear neurons on cat auditory-nerve fibers. III. Tuning curves and threshold at CF. (in prep.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Guinan, J. J., Warr, W. B. and Norris, B. E., 1983, Differential olivocochlear projections from lateral versus medial zones of superior olivary complex, J. Comp. Neurol., 221:358–370.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guinan, J. J., Warr, W. B. and Norris, B. E., 1984, Topographic Organization of the Olivocochlear Projections from the Lateral and Medial Zones of the Superior Olivary Complex, J. Comp. Neurol., 226:21–27.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kemp, D. T., and Chum, R. A., 1980, Observations on the generator mechanism of stimulus frequency acoustic emissions — two tone suppression, in: “Psychophysical, Physiological and Behavioural Studies in Hearing”, van den Brink, G. and Bilsen, F. A., eds., Delft Univ. Press, 34–42.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kemp, D. T., 1986, Otoacoustic emissions, travelling waves and cochlear mechanisms, Hearing. Res., 22:95–104.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, D. O., 1986, Active and nonlinear cochlear biomechanics and the role of outer-hair-cell subsystem in the mammalian auditory system, Hearing. Res., 22:105–114.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Konishi, T., and Slepian, J. Z., 1971, Effects of the electrical stimulation of the crossed olivocochlear bundle on cochlear potentials recorded with intracochlear electrodes in guinea pigs, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 49:1762–1769.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liberman, M. C., 1978, Auditory nerve response from cats raised in a low noise chamber, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 63:442–455.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liberman, M. C., 1980, Efferent synapses in the inner hair cell area of the cat cochlea: An electron-microscopic study of serial sections, Hearing Res., 3:189–204.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liberman, M. C., 1982, Single-neuron labeling in the cat auditory nerve, Science, 216:1239–1241.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liberman, M. C. and Brown, M. C., 1986, Physiology and anatomy of single olivocochlear neurons in the cat, Hearing Res., 24:17–36.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mountain, D. C., 1980, Changes in endolymphatic potential and crossed olivocochlear bundle stimulation alter cochlear mechanics, Science, 210:71–72.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neely, S. T. and Kim, D. O., 1983, An active cochlear model showing sharp tuning and high sensitivity, Hearing Res., 15:103–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sewell, W. F., 1984, The relation between the endocochlear potential and spontaneous activity in auditory nerve fibres of the cat, J. Physiol., 347:685–696.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siegel, J. H. and Dallos, P., 1986, Spike activity recorded from the organ of Corti, Hearing Res., 22:245–248.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siegel, J. H. and Kim, D. O., 1982, Efferent neural control of cochlear mechanics? Olivocochlear bundle stimulation affects cochlear biomechanical nonlinearity, Hearing Res., 6:171–182.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sohmer, H., 1966, A comparison of the efferent effects of the homolateral and contralateral olivo-cochlear bundles, Acta Oto-laryng., 62:74–87.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spoendlin, H., 1966, The organization of the cochlear receptor, in: Adv. in Oto-Rhino-Laryng. 13, S. Karger, N. Y., 1–227.

    Google Scholar 

  • Teas, D. C., Konishi, T., and Nielsen, D. W., 1972, Electrophysiological studies on the spatial distribution of the crossed olivo-cochlear bundle along the guinea pig cochlea, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 51:1256–1264.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Warr, W. B. and Guinan, J. J., 1979, Efferent innervation of the organ of Corti:two separate systems, Brain Res., 173:152–155.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Warr, W. B., White, J. S. and Nyffeler, M. J., 1982, Olivocochlear neurons: Quantitative comparison of the lateral and medial efferent systems in adult and newborn cats, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 8:346.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiederhold, M. L., 1970, Variations in the effects of electric stimulation of the crossed olivocochlear bundle on cat single auditory-nerve fiber responses to tone bursts, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 48:966–977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wiederhold, M. L. and Kiang, N. Y. S., 1970, Effects of electrical stimulation of the crossed olivocochlear bundle on single auditory nerve fibers in the cat, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 48:950–965.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1988 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Guinan, J.J. (1988). Physiology of the Olivocochlear Efferents. In: Syka, J., Masterton, R.B. (eds) Auditory Pathway. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1300-7_38

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1300-7_38

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-1302-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-1300-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics