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Relationship of growth factors and differentiation in normal and neoplastic development of the mammary gland

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Book cover Regulatory Mechanisms in Breast Cancer

Part of the book series: Cancer Treatment and Research ((CTAR,volume 53))

Abstract

The mammary gland of nonpregnant mammals is composed of an epithelium embedded in a fatty stroma. The epithelium consists of a branching ductal tree terminating in alveolar buds (ABs) in rats or in terminal ductal- lobuloalveolar units (TDLUs) in humans [1, 2]. The boundary of the epithelium is formed by a basement membrane, on the inner surface of which is a more or less continuous layer of elongated myoepithelial cells possessing smooth muscle-like myofilaments and pinocytotic vesicles [3–6]. One or more layers of cuboidal epithelial cells constitute the core of the ducts, with the inner layer bordering a lumen that is continuous throughout the ductal tree [7]. The luminal, cuboidal epithelial cells have apical microvilli and specialized junctional complexes with associated desmosomes. In the terminal ABs and TDLUs that form distended lobules, the luminal layer is composed of secretory or alveolar cells that synthesize and secrete milk products during lactation [2, 8]. More recently a battery of immunocytochemical probes has been used to define, on a more molecular basis, the cuboidal epithelial cell of the ducts, the epithelial cells of the ABs/TDLUs, the myoepithelial cells, and potential transitional cells [9–11]. These probes have been important in understanding the developmental relationship between the different cell types found in the mature mammary gland.

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  1. David G. Fernig
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  2. John A. Smith
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  3. Philip S. Rudland
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  1. Lombardi Cancer Research Center, USA

    Marc E. Lippman  & Robert B. Dickson  & 

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Fernig, D.G., Smith, J.A., Rudland, P.S. (1991). Relationship of growth factors and differentiation in normal and neoplastic development of the mammary gland. In: Lippman, M.E., Dickson, R.B. (eds) Regulatory Mechanisms in Breast Cancer. Cancer Treatment and Research, vol 53. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3940-7_3

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