Skip to main content

Random Model of Vertical Walking Force Signals

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Topics on the Dynamics of Civil Structures, Volume 1

Abstract

This paper presents a mathematical model to generate synthetic narrow band vertical force signals due to individuals walking. The model is fitted to a unique database comprising many directly measured vertical walking force time histories due to diverse population of human test subjects walking on an instrumented treadmill at a range of speeds, yielding a random approach to generating their artificial - yet realistic counterparts. Integrated in computer software, the modelling strategy presented offers a radical departure from traditional hand-based calculations of human-induced vibrations towards more realistic and more reliable assessment of dynamic performance of pedestrian structures that could be adopted in modern design practice.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Racic V, Pavic A, Brownjohn JMW (2009) Experimental identification and analytical modelling of human walking forces: literature review. J Sound Vib 326:1–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Racic V, Brownjohn JMW (2011) Stochastic model of near-periodic vertical loads due to humans walking. Adv Eng Inform 25(2):259–275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Brownjohn JMW, Pavic A, Omenzetter P (2004) A spectral density approach for modelling continuous vertical forces on pedestrian structures due to walking. Can J Civil Eng 31:65–77

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Zivanovic S, Pavic A, Reynolds P (2005) Human-structure dynamic interaction in footbridges. Bridge Eng 158(BE4):165–177

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Pavic A, Willford MR (2005) Appendix G: vibration serviceability of post-tensioned concrete floors. In: Post-tensioned concrete floors design handbook, 2nd edn. Concrete Society, Slough, pp 99–107

    Google Scholar 

  6. Middleton CJ, Brownjohn JMW (2009) Response of high frequency floors: a literature review. Eng Struct 32(2):337–352

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Zivanovic S, Pavic A (2009) Probabilistic modelling of walking excitation for building floors. J Perform Constr Fac 23(3):132–143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Zivanovic S, Pavic A, Reynolds P (2007) Probability based prediction of multi mode vibration response to walking excitation. Eng Struct 29(6):942–954

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Middleton CJ (2009) Dynamic performance of high frequency floors. Ph.D. thesis, University of Sheffield, UK

    Google Scholar 

  10. HEF Medical Development (2009) User manuals. HEF Groupe, Lion

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kistler (2011) Kistler user manuals. www.kistler.com

  12. Belli A, Bui P, Berger A, Geyssant A, Lacour JR (2001) A treadmill ergometer for three-dimensional ground reaction forces measurement during walking. J Biomech 34(1):105–112

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. van de Putte M, Hagemeister N, St-Onge N, Parent G, de Guise JA (2006) Habituation to treadmill walking. Bio-Med Mater Eng 16:43–52

    Google Scholar 

  14. Rose J, Gamble JG (1994) Human walking, 2nd edn. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore

    Google Scholar 

  15. Sahnaci C, Kasperski M (2005) Random loads induced by walking. In: Proceedings of the 6th European conference on structural dynamics (EURODYN), Millpress, Rotterdam, pp 441–446

    Google Scholar 

  16. Newland DE (1993) An introduction to random vibrations, spectral and wavelet analysis, 3rd edn. Pearson Education, Harlow

    Google Scholar 

  17. Bates DM, Watts DG (1998) Nonlinear regression and its applications. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  18. Bishop CM (2006) Pattern recognition and machine learning. Springer, New York

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Sekiya N, Nagasaki H, Ito H, Furuna T (1997) Optimal walking in terms of variability in step length. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 26:266–272

    Google Scholar 

  20. MathWorks (2011) Matlab user guides. www.mathworks.com

  21. Matsumoto Y, Nishioka T, Shiojiri H, Matsuzaki K (1978) Dynamic design of footbridges. In: Proceedings of IABSE, Zürich, pp 1–15

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) for grant reference EP/E018734/1 (‘Human Walking and Running Forces: Novel Experimental Characterisation and Application in Civil Engineering Dynamics’).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vitomir Racic .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 The Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc. 2012

About this paper

Cite this paper

Racic, V., Brownjohn, J.M.W., Pavic, A. (2012). Random Model of Vertical Walking Force Signals. In: Caicedo, J., Catbas, F., Cunha, A., Racic, V., Reynolds, P., Salyards, K. (eds) Topics on the Dynamics of Civil Structures, Volume 1. Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2413-0_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2413-0_8

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-2412-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-2413-0

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics