Skip to main content

Characterization of Protein and Mannan Polysaccharide Antigens of Yeasts, Moulds, and Actinomycetes

  • Chapter
Current Topics in Medical Mycology

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Medical Mycology ((CT MYCOLOGY,volume 1))

Abstract

The need for purified antigens of yeasts and moulds is well recognized; however, despite significant gains by individual researchers, there are no such antigens existing in pure form as widely available biological standards. Some recent advances increase the possibilities of achieving isolation, purification, and characterization that, up to now, seemed out of reach.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Axelsen NH (ed): Quantitative immunoelectrophoresis. New developments and applications. Scand J Immunol 4 (Supp. 12):1–2301, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Axelsen NH, Kroll J, Weeke B (eds): A Manual of Quantitative Immunoelectrophoresis. Oslo, Universitetsforlaget, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Azuma I, Kanetsuna F, Tanaka Y, Yamamura Y, Carbonell LM: Chemical and immunological properties of galactomannans obtained from Histoplasma duboisii, Histoplasma capsulatum, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Blastomyces dermatitidis. Mycopathologica 54: 111–125, 1974.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Bardana EJ Jr: The clinical spectrum of aspergillosis-part 1: Epidemiology, pathogenicity, infection in animals and immunology of Aspergillus. CRC Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 13: 21–83, 1981.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Bardana EJ Jr, McClatchy JK, Farr RS, Minden P: The primary interaction of antibody to components of aspergilli. I-Immunologic and chemical characteristics of a nonprecipitating antigen. J Allergy Clin Immunol 50: 208–221, 1972.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Barker SA, Basarab O, Cruickshank CND: Galactomannan peptides of Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Carbohyd Res 3: 325–332, 1967.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Bhattacharjee AK, Kwon-Chung KJ, Glaudemans CPJ: On the structure of the capsular polysaccharide from Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype C. Immunochemistry 15: 673–679, 1978.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Bhattacharjee AK, Kwon-Chung KJ, Glaudemans CPJ: On the structure of the capsular polysaccharide from Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype D. Carbohyd Res 73: 183–193, 1979.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Bhattacharjee AK, Kwon-Chung KJ, Glaudemans CPJ: On the structure of the capsular polysaccharide from Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype C. Mol Immunol 16: 531–532, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Bhattacharjee AK, Kwon-Chung KJ, Glaudemans CPJ: The structure of the major capsular polysaccharide from Cryptococcus bacillisporus Serotype B. Carbohyd Res 82: 103–111, 1980.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Bhattacharjee AK, Kwon-Chung KJ, Glaudemans CPJ: Capsular polysaccharide from a parent strain and from a possible mutant strain of Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype A. Carbohyd Res 95: 237–248, 1981.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Catsimpoolas N: Immunoelectrofocusing in agarose gels. Clin Chim Acta 23: 237–238, 1969.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Cherniak RE, Reiss E, Slodki ME, Plattner RD, Blumer SO: Structure and antigenic activity of the capsular polysaccharides of Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype A. Mol Immunol 17: 1025–1032, 1980.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Cherniak R, Reiss E, Turner SH: A galactoxylomannan antigen of Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype A. Carbohyd Res 103: 239–250, 1982.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Cisar JO, Barsumian EL, Curl SH, Vatte AE, Sandberg AL, Siraganian RP: Detection and localization of a lectin on Actinomyces viscosus T14V by monoclonal antibodies. J Immunol 127: 1318–1322, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Cole GT, Sun SH, Huppert M: Isolation and ultrastructural examination of conidial wall components of Coccidioides and Aspergillus. Scan Elect Microsc 4: 1677–1685, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Collins JP, Grappel SF, Blank F: Role of keratinases in dermatophytosis. II. Fluorescent antibody studies with keratinase II of Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Dermatologica 146: 95–100, 1973.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Cox RA, Mead CG, Pavey EF: Comparisons of mycelia-and spherule-derived antigens in cellular immune assays of Coccidioides immitis-infected guinea pigs. Infect Immun 31: 687–692, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Cox RA, Larsh HW: Isolation of skin-test-active preparations from yeast phase cells of Blastomyces dermatitidis. Infect Immun 10: 42–47, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. deBeurmann L, Gougerot H, Vaucher L: Diagnostic retrospectif de la sporotrichose par la sporoagglutination. Bull Mém Soc. Méd Hôsp Paris 25: 75, 1908.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ellsworth JH, Reiss E, Bradley RL, Chmel H, Armstrong D: Comparative serological and cutaneous reactivity of candidal cytoplasmic proteins and mannan separated by affinity for concanavalin A. J Clin Microbiol 5: 91–99, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. El-Zaatari F, Reiss E, Bragg SL: Antigenic structure of Nocardia asteroides B1042. Abstr Ann Mtg Am Soc Microbiol New Orleans Abstr F53: 391, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  23. El-Zaatari F, Reiss E, Yakrus MA, Braggs SL, Kaufman L: Monoclonal antibodies against isoelectrically focused Nocardia asteroides proteins characterized by the enzyme-linked immunoelectro-transfer blot method. Am Rev Resp Dis (in press, 1985).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Gorin PAJ: Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of polysaccharides. Adv Carbohydr Chem 38: 13–104, 1981.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Gorin PAJ: Rationalization of carbon-13 magnetic resonance spectra of yeast mannans and structurally related oligosaccharides. Can J Chem 51: 2375–2383, 1973.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Green JH, Harrell WK, Johnson JE, Benson R: Isolation of an antigen from Blastomyces dermatitidis that is specific for the diagnosis of blastomycosis. Curr Microbiol 4: 293–296, 1980.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Green JH, Harrell WK, Aloisio C: The preparation of monoclonal antibodies for use as control reagents in the serological diagnosis of blastomycosis. Abst Ann Mtg Am Soc Microbiol Atlanta Abstr F67: 337, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Hall NK, Blackstock R: Production of specific antibody to Cryptococcus neoformans by hybridomas in vitro. Sabouraudia 19: 157–160, 1981.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Hearn VM, Mackenzie DWR: The preparation and chemical composition of fractions from Aspergillus fumigatus wall and protoplasts possessing antigenic activity. J Gen Microbiol 112: 35–44, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Hearn VM, Wilson EV, Proctor AG, Mackenzie DWR: Preparation of Aspergillus fumigatus antigens and their analysis by two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis. J Med Microbiol 13: 451–458, 1980.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Heiner DC: Diagnosis of histoplasmosis using precipitin reactions in agar gel. Pediatrics 22: 616–627, 1958.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Holden CA, Hay RJ, MacDonald DM: The antigenicity of Trichophyton rubrum: In situ studies by an immunoperoxidase technique in light and electron microscopy. Acta Dermatol Venereal (Stockh) 61: 207–211, 1981.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Huppert M, Adler JP, Rice EH, Sun SH: Common antigens among systemic disease fungi analyzed by two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis. Infect Immun 23: 479–485, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Huppert M, Spratt NS, Sun SH, Vukovich KR, Rice EH: Antigenic analysis of coccidioidin and spherulin determined by two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis. Infect Immun 20: 541–551, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Kerkering TM, Espinel-Ingroff A: Production of monoclonal antibodies (MA) against a cell wall peptidoglucomannan (PGM) of Candida albicans. Abstr Ann Mtg Am Soc Microbiol New Orleans Abstr F41: 389, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Kim SJ, Chaparas SD, Brown TM, Anderson MC: Characterization of antigens from Aspergillus fumigatus. II. Fractionation and electrophoretic, immunologic, and biologic activity. Am Rev Resp Dis 118: 553–560, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Knowles JB, Reiss E, Aloisio CH: Characterization of monoclonal antibodies against histoplasmin antigens: Effect of periodate oxidation. Abstr Ann Mtg Amer Soc Microbiol St Louis Abstr F40: 299, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Knowles JB, Reiss E, Brock EG, Bragg SL, Pine L, Aloisio CH: Characterization of monoclonal antibodies to histoplasmin factors. Abstr Ann Mtg Am Soc Microbiol New Orleans Abstr F40: 389, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Lehmann PF, Reiss E: Invasive aspergillosis: Antiserum for circulating antigen produced after immunization with serum from infected rabbits. Infect Immun 20: 570–572, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Lloyd KO: Isolation, characterization, and partial structure of peptido galactomannans from the yeast form of Cladosporium werneckii. Biochemistry 9: 3446–3470, 1970.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Macdonald F, Odds FC: Purified Candida albicans proteinase in the serological diagnosis of systemic candidiasis. DAMA 243: 2409–2411, 1980.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Miazaki T, Yadomae T, Yamada H, Hayashi O, Suzuki I, Ohshima Y: Immunochemical examination of the polysaccharides of Mucorales, in Sandford PA, Matsuda K (eds): Fungal Polysaccharides. Washington DC, American Chemical Society, 1980, pp 81–94.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  43. Nakajima T, Ballou CE: Characterization of the carbohydrate fragments obtained from Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan by alkaline degradation. J Biol Chem 249: 7679–7684, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Okubo Y, Ichikawa T, Suzuki S: Immunochemistry of Candida albicans mannan, in Sandford PA, Matsuda K (eds): Fungal Polysaccharides. Washington, DC, American Chemical Society, 1980, pp 96–111.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Pine L: Histoplasma antigens: Their production, purification and uses, in Beemer AM, Ben-David A, et al (eds): Host-Parasite Relationships in Systemic Mycoses, Part I. Proceedings of the 21st Annual OHOLO Biological Conference, Contributions to Microbiology and Immunology. Basel, Karger, 1977, vol 3, pp 138–168.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Pistole TG: Interaction of bacteria and fungi with lectins and lectin-like substances. Ann Rev Microbiol 35: 85–112, 1981.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Rebers PA, Barker SA, Heidelberger M, Dische Z, Evans EE: Precipitation of the specific polysaccharide of Cryptococcus neoformans A by types II and XIV antipneumococcal sera. J Am Chem Soc 80: 1135–1137, 1958.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Reinhardt DJ, Hon PJ, Abdelal AT: Purification and characterization of an alkaline protease from Rhizopus oryzae. Appl Env Microbiol (in press, 1985).

    Google Scholar 

  49. Reiss E, Cherniak R, Eby R, Kaufman L: Enzyme immunoassay detection of IgM to the galactoxylomannan of Cryptococcus neoformans. Diagn Immunol 2: 109–115, 1984.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Reiss E, deRepentigny L, Kuykendall RJ, Carter AW, Aloisio CH: Applications of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against Candida tropicalis mannan. Abstr Ann Mtg Am Soc Microbiol St. Louis Abstr F41: 299, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Reiss E, Lehmann PF: Galactomannan antigenemia in invasive aspergillosis. Infect Immun 25: 357–365, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Reiss E, Mitchell WO, Stone SH, Hasenclever HF: Cellular immunity of a galactomannan-protein complex from mycelia of Histoplasma capsulatum. Infect Immun 10: 802–809, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Riley RF, Coleman MK: Isoelectric fractionation of proteins on a microscale in polyacrylamide and agarose matrices. J Lab Clin Med 72: 714–720, 1968.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Rüchel R: Properties of a purified proteinase from the yeast Candida albi-cans. Biochim Biophys Acta 659: 99–113, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Shaffer PJ, Kobayashi GS, Medoff G: Demonstration of antigenemia in patients with invasive aspergillosis by solid phase (protein A-rich Staphylococcus aureus) radioimmunoassay. Am J Med 67: 627–630, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Strockbine N, Largen MT, Buckley HR: Monoclonal antibody production of cytoplasmic proteins from Candida albicans. Abstr Ann Mtg Am Soc Microbiol New Orleans Abstr F42: 389, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Suzuki M, Fukazawa Y: Immunochemical characterization of Candida albi-cans cell wall antigens: Specific determinant of Candida albicans serotype A mannan. Microbiol Immunol 26: 387–402, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Tran-VanKy P, Torch C, Vaucelle T, Floch F: Etude comparee sur immunoelectrophoregramme des enzymes de L’extrait antigenique d’Aspergillus fumigatus reveles. Sabouraudia 7: 73–84, 1969.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Travassos LA, Lloyd KO: Sporothrix schenckii and related species of Ceratocystis. Microbiol Rev 44: 683–721, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Tsang VCW, Peralta JM, Simons AR: Enzyme-linked immunoelectro-transfer blot techniques (EITB) for studying the specificities of antigens and antibodies separated by gel electrophoresis. Meth Enzymol 92: 377–391, 1983.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Turner SH, Cherniak R, Reiss E: Fractionation and characterization of galactoxylomannan from Cryptococcus neoformans. Carbohyd Res (in press, 1985).

    Google Scholar 

  62. Weiner MH, Coats-Stephen M: Immunodiagnosis of systemic candidiasis: Mannan antigenemia detected by radioimmunoassay in experimental and human infections. J Infect Dis 140: 989–993, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Wheat RW, Chung KSS, Ornellas EP, Scheer ER: Extraction of skin-test activity from Coccidioides immitis mycelia by water, perchloric acid, and aqueous phenol extraction. Infect Immun 19: 152–159, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Wheat R, Scheer E: Cell walls of Coccidioides immitis: Neutral sugars of aqueous alkaline extract polymers. Infect Immun 15: 340–341, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Yarzabal LA, Andrieu S, Bout D, Naquira F: Isolation of a specific antigen with alkaline phosphatase activity from soluble extracts of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Sabouraudia 14: 275–280, 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Young KD, Larsh HW: Production and characterization of a hybridomaderived antibody to Blastomyces dermatitidis. J Clin Microbiol 15: 204–207, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Yu RJ, Harmon SR, Grappel SF, Blank F: Two cell-bound keratinases of Trichophyton mentagrophytes. J Invest Dermatol 56: 27–32, 1971.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1985 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Reiss, E., Huppert, M., Cherniak, R. (1985). Characterization of Protein and Mannan Polysaccharide Antigens of Yeasts, Moulds, and Actinomycetes. In: McGinnis, M.R. (eds) Current Topics in Medical Mycology. Current Topics in Medical Mycology, vol 1. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9547-8_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9547-8_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-9549-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-9547-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics