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The Medial Septum and Working/Episodic Memory

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The Behavioral Neuroscience of the Septal Region

Abstract

The medial septum (MS) is a forebrain structure that appears to integrate subcortical information about the “biological significance” of episodes or events and in turn modulate the responsiveness of the hippocampus (HPC) to its primary cortical input (i.e., entorhinal cortex). The septohippocampal pathway fine tunes the physiology of the HPC and contributes in an indispensible way to its behavioral functions. The MS also gives rise to cholinergic septocingulate and septoentorhinal pathways. The functional properties of these pathways are just starting to be addressed (see Dougherty, Turchin, and Walsh 1998). The MS and its efferent cholinergic pathways appear to be a critical neurobiological substrate of working/ episodic memory. This cognitive function (1) comprises an essential component of declarative memory, (2) it is affected very early in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and (3) its compromise in AD appears to be dependent upon a disruption of cholinergic activity (reviewed in Walsh and Opello 1994). Understanding the contribution of the MS to workingJepisodic memory will provide a better understanding of the neural circuits, structures, and transmitters that modulate memory processes, and should also provide insights into the biology and psychology of memory disorders.

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  1. Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA, 95053-0333, USA

    Robert Numan

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Walsh, T.J. (2000). The Medial Septum and Working/Episodic Memory. In: Numan, R. (eds) The Behavioral Neuroscience of the Septal Region. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1302-4_13

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