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Status and Potential Therapeutic Importance of n–3 Fatty Acids in Acute Metabolic Trauma and Neurotraumatic Disorders

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Beneficial Effects of Fish Oil on Human Brain

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Normalfunctioning of brain requires a very high metabolic rate, which is obtained by an uninterrupted supply of both glucose and oxygen. Glucose and oxygen are needed by brain for the production of ATP, which maintains the high metabolic rate. High metabolic rate is required for maintaining the appropriate ionic gradients across the neural membranes (low intracellular Na+, high K+, and very low cytosolic Ca2+) and optimal cellular redox potentials (Farooqui and Horrocks, 2007). Interruption in glucose and oxygen supply may result in compromised ATP generation, loss of ion homeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, production of ROS, such as superoxide and hydroxyl anion, and RNS, such as NO and ONOO−, and changes in redox status of neural cells. These processes also contribute to cerebral edema, which is the primary cause of patient mortality after stroke. The initial response to a transient insufficiency of energy is depolarization, which causes Na+ influx into axons.

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  1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA

    Akhlaq A. Farooqui

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Farooqui, A.A. (2009). Status and Potential Therapeutic Importance of n–3 Fatty Acids in Acute Metabolic Trauma and Neurotraumatic Disorders. In: Beneficial Effects of Fish Oil on Human Brain. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0543-7_8

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