Abstract
Let us denote by f π (E π ,h 1,Z) the π ± — mesons (or, charged pions) generation function that depends on the air pressure level h 1, the total energy E π and the zenith angle Z (this function will be defined quantitatively below, in Section 5.1.3, Eq. 5.1.22). Some part of the pions will be captured by air nuclei along with the generation of a lot of secondary particles, so that the energy of generated muons in this case will be too small to reach the ground level. The other part of the pions will decay with generation of muons. Let us suppose that l is the transport path of pions for nuclear interactions in the air. In this case, the fraction dh/(l cos Z) of the pions will be captured in the air layer dh. If m π and τ π are the mass and life time of charged pions at rest, the fraction of pions that decay in the air layer dh will be dτ/τ, where dτ = dh(cp(h)cosZ)-1 is the time it takes to cross the layer dh, p(h) is the density of air at the level h, and c is the velocity of light, which in the cases considered here will be about equal to the velocity of relativistic pions, and τ = τ π E π /m π c 2 is the life time of pions in the system of coordinates fixed to the Earth.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Babadzhanov I. “Multiplicity of neutron generation in muon capture”, Proc. of All-Union Conference on Cosmic Ray Phys., Tashkent, 1968, Vol. 1, No. 2, FIAN USSR, Moscow, 17–20 (1969).
Cocconi G. and M. Widgoff”Cascades of Nuclear Disintegrations Induced by the Cosmic Radiation“, Phys. Rev., 79, No. 5, 768–780 (1950).
Cocconi G., and V. Tongiorgi”Nuclear disintegrations induced by µ-mesons“, Phys. Rev., 84, No. 1, 29–36 (1951).
Dorman L.I. “Two-meson theory of cosmic ray hard component temperature effect”, Special Report 1951–3, Science-Research Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Troitsk, Moscow region (1951a).
Dorman L.I. “Instruction for calculation of temperature corrections to hard component intensity data”, Special Report, 1951–4, Science-Research Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Troitsk, Moscow region (1951b).
Dorman L.I. “To the theory of cosmic ray meteorological effects”, Doklady Academy of Sciences of USSR (Moscow), 94, No. 3, 433–436 (1954a).
Dorman L.I. “On the temperature effect of the cosmic ray hard component”, Doklady Academy of Sciences of USSR (Moscow), 95, No.1, 49–52 (1954b).
Dorman L.I. “On the nature of cosmic ray variations”, Ph. D. Thesis, Physical Lebedev Institute Academy of Sciences of USSR, Moscow, pp. 327 (1955).
Dorman L.I. “To the theory of meteorological effects of cosmic ray neutron component”, Proc. of Yakutsk Filial of Academy of Sciences, Series of Physics, Academy of Sciences of USSR Press, Moscow, No. 2, 68–72 (1958a).
Dorman L.I. “To the theory of meteorological effects of cosmic ray soft and general components”, Proc. of Yakutsk Filial of Academy of Sciences, Series of Physics, Academy of Sciences of USSR Press, Moscow, No. 2, 59–67 (1958b).
Dorman L.I. “Theory of cosmic ray variations”, Cosmic Rays (Moscow, NAUKA), 13, 5–66 (1972).
Dorman L.I. “Geophysical effects and second components of cosmic rays in the atmosphere”, Cosmic Rays (Moscow, NAUKA), 14, 5–28 (1974).
Grigorov N.L. and V.S. Murzin “Interaction of primary cosmic rays of different energy with matter”, Izvestia Ac. of Sci. of USSR, Ser. Phys., 19, No. 1, 21–38 (1953).
Hughes E.B., P.L. Marsden, G. Brooke, M.A. Meyer, and A.W. Wolfendale “Neutron production by cosmic ray protons in lead”, Proc. Phys. Soc., London A83, 239–251 (1964).
Hughes E.B. and P.L. Marsden “Response of standard IGY neutron monitor”, J. Geophys. Res., 71, No. 5, 1435–1444 (1966).
Kaminer N.S. “On the changing of meteorological coefficients of the hard cosmic ray component”, Proc. 6th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conf, Moscow, 4, 42–46 (1960).
Maeda K. and M. Wada “Atmospheric temperature effect upon the cosmic ray intensity at sea level”, J. Sci. Res. Inst. (Tokyo), 48, 71–79 (1954).
Meyer M.A., A.W. Wolfendale, E.B. Hughes, and P.L. Marsden “The production of neutrons by fast cosmic ray muons”, Proc. Phys. Soc., London, 83, 253–258 (1964).
Olbert S. “Atmospheric effects on cosmic ray intensity near sea level”, Phys. Rev., 92, 454–461 (1953).
Uotila, U.A. “Determination of the shape of the geoid”, In Proc. of Symposium: Size and Shape of the Earth, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, Nov. 13–15, 1956, Inst. of Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, Publ. No. 7 (1957).
Vernov S.N., N.L. Grigorov, G.T. Zatsepin, and A.E. Chudakov “The research of nucleons interactions with light nucleus at energies 109–1012 eV”, Izvestia Ac. of Sci. of USSR, Ser. Phys., 19, No. 5, 493–501 (1955).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dorman, L.I. (2004). Theory of Cosmic Ray Meteorological Effects for Measurements in the Atmosphere and Underground (One-Dimensional Approximation). In: Cosmic Rays in the Earth’s Atmosphere and Underground. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 303. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2113-8_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2113-8_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-015-6987-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-2113-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive