Abstract
Salamanders have served as an excellent model for developmental and tissue regeneration studies. While transgenic approaches are available for various salamander species, their long generation time and expensive maintenance have driven the development of alternative gene delivery methods for functional studies. We have previously developed pseudotyped baculovirus (BV) as a tool for gene delivery in the axolotl (Oliveira et al. Dev Biol 433(2):262–275, 2018). Since its initial conception, we have refined our protocol of BV production and usage in salamander models. In this chapter, we describe a detailed and versatile protocol for BV-mediated transduction in urodeles.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Fei JF, Lou WP, Knapp D, Murawala P, Gerber T, Taniguchi Y, Nowoshilow S, Khattak S, Tanaka EM (2018) Application and optimization of CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome engineering in axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum). Nat Protoc 13(12):2908–2943. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-018-0071-0
Khattak S, Murawala P, Andreas H, Kappert V, Schuez M, Sandoval-Guzman T, Crawford K, Tanaka EM (2014) Optimized axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) husbandry, breeding, metamorphosis, transgenesis and tamoxifen-mediated recombination. Nat Protoc 9(3):529–540. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2014.040
Masselink W, Reumann D, Murawala P, Pasierbek P, Taniguchi Y, Bonnay F, Meixner K, Knoblich JA, Tanaka EM (2019) Broad applicability of a streamlined ethyl cinnamate-based clearing procedure. Development 146(3):dev166884. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.166884
Pende M, Vadiwala K, Schmidbaur H, Stockinger AW, Murawala P, Saghafi S, Dekens MPS, Becker K, Revilla IDR, Papadopoulos SC, Zurl M, Pasierbek P, Simakov O, Tanaka EM, Raible F, Dodt HU (2020) A versatile depigmentation, clearing, and labeling method for exploring nervous system diversity. Sci Adv 6(22):eaba0365. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba0365
Bryant DM, Johnson K, DiTommaso T, Tickle T, Couger MB, Payzin-Dogru D, Lee TJ, Leigh ND, Kuo TH, Davis FG, Bateman J, Bryant S, Guzikowski AR, Tsai SL, Coyne S, Ye WW, Freeman RM Jr, Peshkin L, Tabin CJ, Regev A, Haas BJ, Whited JL (2017) A tissue-mapped axolotl de novo transcriptome enables identification of limb regeneration factors. Cell Rep 18(3):762–776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2016.12.063
Smith JJ, Timoshevskaya N, Timoshevskiy VA, Keinath MC, Hardy D, Voss SR (2019) A chromosome-scale assembly of the axolotl genome. Genome Res 29(2):317–324. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.241901.118
Nowoshilow S, Schloissnig S, Fei JF, Dahl A, Pang AWC, Pippel M, Winkler S, Hastie AR, Young G, Roscito JG, Falcon F, Knapp D, Powell S, Cruz A, Cao H, Habermann B, Hiller M, Tanaka EM, Myers EW (2018) The axolotl genome and the evolution of key tissue formation regulators. Nature 554(7690):50–55. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature25458
Whited JL, Lehoczky JA, Tabin CJ (2012) Inducible genetic system for the axolotl. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109(34):13662–13667. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1211816109
Echeverri K, Tanaka EM (2003) Electroporation as a tool to study in vivo spinal cord regeneration. Dev Dyn 226(2):418–425. https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.10238
Rodrigo Albors A, Tanaka EM (2015) High-efficiency electroporation of the spinal cord in larval axolotl. Methods Mol Biol 1290:115–125. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2495-0_9
Roy S, Gardiner DM, Bryant SV (2000) Vaccinia as a tool for functional analysis in regenerating limbs: ectopic expression of Shh. Dev Biol 218(2):199–205. https://doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1999.9556
Whited JL, Tsai SL, Beier KT, White JN, Piekarski N, Hanken J, Cepko CL, Tabin CJ (2013) Pseudotyped retroviruses for infecting axolotl in vivo and in vitro. Development 140(5):1137–1146. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.087734
Khattak S, Sandoval-Guzman T, Stanke N, Protze S, Tanaka EM, Lindemann D (2013) Foamy virus for efficient gene transfer in regeneration studies. BMC Dev Biol 13:17. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-213X-13-17
Oliveira CR, Lemaitre R, Murawala P, Tazaki A, Drechsel DN, Tanaka EM (2018) Pseudotyped baculovirus is an effective gene expression tool for studying molecular function during axolotl limb regeneration. Dev Biol 433(2):262–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.10.008
van Oers MM, Pijlman GP, Vlak JM (2015) Thirty years of baculovirus-insect cell protein expression: from dark horse to mainstream technology. J Gen Virol 96(Pt 1):6–23. https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.067108-0
Airenne KJ, Hu YC, Kost TA, Smith RH, Kotin RM, Ono C, Matsuura Y, Wang S, Yla-Herttuala S (2013) Baculovirus: an insect-derived vector for diverse gene transfer applications. Mol Ther 21(4):739–749. https://doi.org/10.1038/mt.2012.286
Mansouri M, Bellon-Echeverria I, Rizk A, Ehsaei Z, Cianciolo Cosentino C, Silva CS, Xie Y, Boyce FM, Davis MW, Neuhauss SC, Taylor V, Ballmer-Hofer K, Berger I, Berger P (2016) Highly efficient baculovirus-mediated multigene delivery in primary cells. Nat Commun 7:11529. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11529
Kaikkonen MU, Raty JK, Airenne KJ, Wirth T, Heikura T, Yla-Herttuala S (2006) Truncated vesicular stomatitis virus G protein improves baculovirus transduction efficiency in vitro and in vivo. Gene Ther 13(4):304–312. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.gt.3302657
Kitagawa Y, Tani H, Limn CK, Matsunaga TM, Moriishi K, Matsuura Y (2005) Ligand-directed gene targeting to mammalian cells by pseudotype baculoviruses. J Virol 79(6):3639–3652. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.79.6.3639-3652.2005
Mangor JT, Monsma SA, Johnson MC, Blissard GW (2001) A GP64-null baculovirus pseudotyped with vesicular stomatitis virus G protein. J Virol 75(6):2544–2556. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.75.6.2544-2556.2001
Tani H, Limn CK, Yap CC, Onishi M, Nozaki M, Nishimune Y, Okahashi N, Kitagawa Y, Watanabe R, Mochizuki R, Moriishi K, Matsuura Y (2003) In vitro and in vivo gene delivery by recombinant baculoviruses. J Virol 77(18):9799–9808. https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.18.9799-9808.2003
Nacu E, Gromberg E, Oliveira CR, Drechsel D, Tanaka EM (2016) FGF8 and SHH substitute for anterior-posterior tissue interactions to induce limb regeneration. Nature 533(7603):407–410. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature17972
Wagner I, Wang H, Weissert PM, Straube WL, Shevchenko A, Gentzel M, Brito G, Tazaki A, Oliveira C, Sugiura T, Shevchenko A, Simon A, Drechsel DN, Tanaka EM (2017) Serum proteases potentiate BMP-induced cell cycle re-entry of dedifferentiating muscle cells during newt limb regeneration. Dev Cell 40(6):608–617, e606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2017.03.002
Lemaitre RP, Bogdanova A, Borgonovo B, Woodruff JB, Drechsel DN (2019) FlexiBAC: a versatile, open-source baculovirus vector system for protein expression, secretion, and proteolytic processing. BMC Biotechnol 19(1):20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12896-019-0512-z
O’Reilly DR, Miller LK, Luckow VA (1994) Baculovirus expression vectors: a laboratory manual. Oxford University Press, pp 1–347. https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(93)90288-2
Reed LJM, H. (1938) A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints. Am J Epidemiol 27(3):493–497. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a118408
Sung LY, Chen CL, Lin SY, Li KC, Yeh CL, Chen GY, Lin CY, Hu YC (2014) Efficient gene delivery into cell lines and stem cells using baculovirus. Nat Protoc 9(8):1882–1899. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2014.130
Acknowledgement
The authors thank members of the PM, MHY, and EMT lab for their inputs in improving the protocol. Work in the PM laboratory is supported by grants from NIH-COBRE (5P20GM104318-08) and DFG (429469366). CRO is supported by predoctoral grant from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BD/51280/2010). Work in the MHY laboratory is supported by grants from DFG (22137416 & 450807335). Work in the EMT laboratory is supported by grants from ERC (AdG 742046) and FWF (Standalone I4846).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Murawala, P., Oliveira, C.R., Okulski, H., Yun, M.H., Tanaka, E.M. (2023). Baculovirus Production and Infection in Axolotls. In: Seifert, A.W., Currie, J.D. (eds) Salamanders. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2562. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2659-7_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2659-7_24
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-2658-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-2659-7
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols