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Sample-to-Answer Microfluidic Nucleic Acid Testing (NAT) on Lab-on-a-Disc for Malaria Detection at Point of Need

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Biomedical Engineering Technologies

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 2393))

Abstract

One of the grand challenges for field-deployable NATs is related to the front end of the assays—nucleic acid extraction from raw samples. The ideal nucleic acid sample preparation should be simple, scalable, and easy-to-operate. In this chapter, we present a lab-on-a-disc NAT device for sample-to-answer malaria diagnosis. The parasite DNA sample preparation and subsequent real-time LAMP detection are seamlessly integrated on a disposable single microfluidic compact disc, driven by energy-efficient, non–centrifuge-based magnetic field interactions. Each disc contains four parallel testing units, which could be configured either as four identical tests or as four species-specific tests. When configured as species-specific tests, it could identify two of the most life-threatening malaria species (P. falciparum and P. vivax). The reagent disc with a 4-plex analyzer (discussed in Chapter 1) is capable of processing four samples simultaneously with 40 min turnaround time. It achieves a detection limit of ~0.5 parasites/μl for whole blood, sufficient for detecting asymptomatic parasite carriers. The assay is performed with an automated device described in Chapter 14. The combination of sensitivity, specificity, cost, and scalable sample preparation suggests the real-time fluorescence LAMP device could be particularly useful for malaria screening in field settings.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1710831, 1912410, and 1902503. We express our gratitude to Dr. Liwang Cui, Dr. Jun Miao, and Xiaolian Li for providing malaria samples. The following reagent is obtained through BEI Resources Repository, NIAID, NIH: Plasmodium vivax, Strain Chesson, MRA-383, and strain Achiote, MRA-369, contributed by W. E. Collins. W.G. acknowledges the support from Penn State Startup Fund.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

    Gihoon Choi & Weihua Guan

  2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

    Weihua Guan

Authors
  1. Gihoon Choi
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  2. Weihua Guan
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Correspondence to Weihua Guan .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Miguel R. Ossandon

  2. Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA

    Houston Baker

  3. Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA

    Avraham Rasooly

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Choi, G., Guan, W. (2022). Sample-to-Answer Microfluidic Nucleic Acid Testing (NAT) on Lab-on-a-Disc for Malaria Detection at Point of Need. In: Ossandon, M.R., Baker, H., Rasooly, A. (eds) Biomedical Engineering Technologies. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2393. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1803-5_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1803-5_16

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  • Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-1802-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-1803-5

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