Abstract
During the past decade, our laboratory has carried out a series of studies analyzing the effects of autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity on HIV- 1 pathogenesis (Cole et al., 1998). These studies were motivated by natural history studies showing accelerated HIV disease progression in gay men who had socially inhibited personality characteristics (Cole et al., 1996, 2003). Previous developmental studies have suggested that socially inhibited individuals show elevated levels of ANS activity (Block, 1957; Buck et al., 1974; Cole et al., 1999b; Miller et al., 1999), providing a potential neurobiological basis for differential HIV disease progression. In a subsequent cohort study of 54 HIV-positive gay men with early- to mid-stage infection (no AIDS, and CD4+ T cell levels > 200/mm3), we found that socially inhibited individuals did indeed show elevated levels of ANS activity. ANS activity was measured across a range of end-organ responses including palmar skin conductance, blood pressure, heart rate interbeat interval, finger pulse amplitude, and peripheral pulse transit time (time from heart beat to subsequent finger pulse peak) (Fig. 9.1). Baseline autonomic activity and reactivity to a series of physical, psychological, and social stimuli was found to be stable over time. Individuals showing constitutively high levels of ANS activity also showed elevated plasma viral load (Fig. 9.1) and impaired suppression of viremia and CD4+ T-lymphocyte recovery after the onset of combination antiretroviral therapy (Cole et al., 2001, 2003).
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Sloan, E.K., Collado-Hidalgo, A., Cole, S.W. (2006). Autonomic Nervous System Influences on HIV Pathogenesis. In: Welsh, C.J., Meagher, M.W., Sternberg, E.M. (eds) Neural and Neuroendocrine Mechanisms in Host Defense and Autoimmunity. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-48334-4_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-48334-4_9
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