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Influenza Pathogenesis and Control - Volume I pp 63–91Cite as

Receptor Binding Properties of the Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin as a Determinant of Host Range

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Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 385))

Abstract

Host cell attachment by influenza A viruses is mediated by the hemagglutinin glycoprotein (HA), and the recognition of specific types of sialic acid -containing glycan receptors constitutes one of the major determinants of viral host range and transmission properties. Structural studies have elucidated some of the viral determinants involved in receptor recognition of avian-like and human-like receptors for various subtypes of influenza A viruses, and these provide clues relating to the mechanisms by which viruses evolve to adapt to human hosts. We discuss structural aspects of receptor binding by influenza HA, as well as the biological implications of functional interplay involving HA binding, NA sialidase functions, the effects of antigenic drift, and the inhibitory properties of natural glycans present on mucosal surfaces.

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Abbreviations

HA:

Hemagglutinin

NA:

Neuraminidase

Sia:

Sialic acid

Gal:

Galactose

GlcNAc or NAG:

N-acetylglucosamine

3-SLN:

3′-Sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine

6-SLN:

6′-Sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine

LSTc:

LS-Tetrasaccharide C

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Acknowledgments

The work by XX and JWM was funded by the Medical Research Council through programs U117512723 and U117584222. The work by DAS was supported by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services contract HHSN272201400004C (NIAID Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Virology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London, NW7 1AA, UK

    Xiaoli Xiong & John W. McCauley

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, O. Wayne Rollins Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA

    David A. Steinhauer

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  1. Xiaoli Xiong
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  2. John W. McCauley
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  3. David A. Steinhauer
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Correspondence to John W. McCauley or David A. Steinhauer .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    Richard W. Compans

  2. Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA

    Michael B. A. Oldstone

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Xiong, X., McCauley, J.W., Steinhauer, D.A. (2014). Receptor Binding Properties of the Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin as a Determinant of Host Range. In: Compans, R., Oldstone, M. (eds) Influenza Pathogenesis and Control - Volume I. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 385. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2014_423

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