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Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine

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Influenza Pathogenesis and Control - Volume II

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 386))

Abstract

Cold-adapted Ann Arbor based live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) has been available in the USA since 2003. The vaccine is efficacious against influenza infection. Features of LAIV include: easy administration suitable for mass immunization, cross-reactivity to drifted strains for broader coverage, and establishment of herd immunity for control of influenza spread. Annual seasonal LAIV now contains four strains against influenza A H1N1, H3N2, influenza B-Victoria, and B-Yamagata lineages that are co-circulating in humans. LAIV played a significant role in protecting the public from the 2009 H1N1 pandemic and has been evaluated for pandemic preparedness. Pandemic vaccines including influenza H2, H5, H6, H7, and H9 subtypes have been produced and evaluated in preclinical and small-scale phase I clinical studies. This review summarizes the current status and perspectives of seasonal and pandemic LAIV.

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Abbreviations

LAIV :

Live attenuated influenza vaccine

T/LAIV :

Trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine

Q/LAIV :

Quadrivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine

pLAIV :

Pandemic live attenuated influenza vaccine

TIV:

Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine

IIV:

Inactivated influenza vaccine

MDV-A:

Master donor virus for influenza A vaccines

MDV-B:

Master donor virus for influenza B vaccines

ca :

Cold adapted

ts :

Temperature sensitive

att :

Attenuated

wt :

Wild-type

RG:

Reverse genetics

PCKC:

Primary chicken kidney cells

NT:

Nasal turbinates

HAI:

Hemagglutination inhibition

NW:

Nasal wash

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Acknowledgments

The seasonal influenza vaccine seed development program was conducted by the strain variant team of MedImmune at California. The pandemic vaccine program was conducted under a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement between MedImmune and NIH and was supported in part by the Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH. We thank Dr. Zhongying Chen for providing data for Fig. 2 and Drs. Raburn Mallory and Kathy Coelingh for suggestions and comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. MedImmune LLC, 297 North Bernardo Avenue, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA

    Hong Jin

  2. Laboratory Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA

    Kanta Subbarao

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Correspondence to Kanta Subbarao .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA

    Michael B. A. Oldstone

  2. IDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    Richard W. Compans

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Jin, H., Subbarao, K. (2014). Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine. In: Oldstone, M., Compans, R. (eds) Influenza Pathogenesis and Control - Volume II. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 386. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2014_410

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