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Signaling Pathways in Trans-differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Recent Advances

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Stem Cells and Lineage Commitment

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 2736))

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Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells are a group of multipotent cells that can be induced to differentiate into other cell types. The cells fate is decided by various signaling pathways, growth factors, and transcription factors in differentiation. The proper coordination of these factors will result in cell specification. MSCs are capable of being differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages. Different conditions induces the MSCs into particular phenotypes. The MSC trans-differentiation ensues as a response to environmental factors or due to circumstances that prove to favor trans-differentiation. Depending on the stage at which they are expressed, and the genetic alterations they undergo prior to their expression, transcription factors can accelerate the process of trans-differentiation. Further research has been conducted on the challenging aspect of MSCs being developed into non-mesenchymal lineage. The cells that are differentiated in this way maintain their stability even after being induced in animals. The recent advancements in the trans-differentiation capacities of MSCs on induction with chemicals, growth inducers, improved differentiation mediums, growth factors from plant extracts, and electrical stimulation are discussed in this paper. Signaling pathways have a great effect on MSCs trans-differentiation and they need to be better understood for their applications in therapeutic techniques. So, this paper tends to review the major signaling pathways that play a vital role in the trans-differentiation of MSC.

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Acknowledgments

The authors of this paper are thankful to Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE) for providing infrastructure support and to DST (INSPIRE), Government of India, and CARE for the financial support.

Author Contributions

The study was designed by AB and the literature search and manuscript draft preparation were done by VK, DD, DB, AB. The final version of the manuscript was reviewed and edited by SP and AB.

Funding

This work was partially supported by the DST Inspire research student grant with award number 190963 awarded to Ms. Dikshita Deka and Supervisor Dr. Antara Banerjee.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India

    Vaishak Kaviarasan, Dikshita Deka, Darshini Balaji, Surajit Pathak & Antara Banerjee

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  1. Vaishak Kaviarasan
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  2. Dikshita Deka
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  3. Darshini Balaji
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Correspondence to Antara Banerjee .

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  1. Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Kursad Turksen

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Kaviarasan, V., Deka, D., Balaji, D., Pathak, S., Banerjee, A. (2023). Signaling Pathways in Trans-differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Recent Advances. In: Turksen, K. (eds) Stem Cells and Lineage Commitment. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2736. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/7651_2023_478

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/7651_2023_478

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