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Anaerobes in Biotechnology pp 397–431Cite as

Anaerobic Probiotics: The Key Microbes for Human Health

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Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 156))

Abstract

Human gastrointestinal microbiota (HGIM) incorporate a large number of microbes from different species. Anaerobic bacteria are the dominant organisms in this microbial consortium and play a crucial role in human health. In addition to their functional role as the main source of many essential metabolites for human health, they are considered as biotherapeutic agents in the regulation of different human metabolites. They are also important in the prevention and in the treatment of different physical and mental diseases. Bifidobacteria are the dominant anaerobic bacteria in HGIM and are widely used in the development of probiotic products for infants, children and adults. To develop bifidobacteria-based bioproducts, therefore, it is necessary to develop a large-scale biomass production platform based on a good understanding of the ideal medium and bioprocessing parameters for their growth and viability. In addition, high cell viability should be maintained during downstream processing and storage of probiotic cell powder or the final formulated product. In this work we review the latest information about the biology, therapeutic activities, cultivation and industrial production of bifidobacteria.

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Abbreviations

ASD:

Autism spectrum disorders

ATCC:

American type culture collection

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

BSH:

Bile salt hydrolase

CAGR:

Compound annual growth rate

CFU:

Colony forming unit

CLB:

Liver cysteine lactose

FDA:

Food and Drug Administration

FOS:

Fructooligosaccharides

GIT:

Gastro intestinal tract

GRAS:

Generally regarded as safe

HGIM:

Human gastrointestinal microbiota

IBS:

Irritable bowel syndrome

LAB:

Lactic acid bacteria

MERCOSUR:

Mercado Común del Sur (Common Market of South)

MRS:

Man–Rogosa–Sharp medium

NYA:

National Yoghurt Association

NRSP:

Natural rubber serum powder

RCM:

Reinforced clostridia medium

sEPS:

Surface exopolysaccharides

SMF:

Submerged fermentation

SSF:

Solid state fermentation

TPY:

Trypticase-phytone-yeast extract

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia

    Hesham El Enshasy, Khairuddin Malik, Roslinda Abd Malek & Nor Zalina Othman

  2. City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria, Egypt

    Hesham El Enshasy

  3. Bioproducts Research Chair, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Elsayed Ahmed Elsayed & Mohammad Wadaan

  4. Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

    Elsayed Ahmed Elsayed

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  1. Hesham El Enshasy
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  2. Khairuddin Malik
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  5. Elsayed Ahmed Elsayed
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    Rajni Hatti-Kaul

  2. Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry Center for Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

    Gashaw Mamo

  3. Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry Center for Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

    Bo Mattiasson

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El Enshasy, H., Malik, K., Malek, R.A., Othman, N.Z., Elsayed, E.A., Wadaan, M. (2016). Anaerobic Probiotics: The Key Microbes for Human Health. In: Hatti-Kaul, R., Mamo, G., Mattiasson, B. (eds) Anaerobes in Biotechnology. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 156. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2015_5008

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