GOST is an encryption algorithm adopted as a standard by the former Soviet Union in 1989 [5]. The specifications, translated from Russian in 1993, describe a DES-like 64-bits block cipher (see Data Encryption Standard) and specify four modes of operation.
The GOST encryption algorithm is a very simple 32-round Feistel cipher. It encrypts data in blocks of 64 bits and uses a 256-bit secret key. The 32-bit F-function used in the Feistel construction consists of three transformations. First, a 32-bit subkey is mixed with the data using an addition modulo 232. The result is then split into 4-bit segments, fed in parallel to eight 4 × 4-bit S-boxes. Finally, the output values are merged again and rotated over 11 bits. The key schedule (see block cipher) of GOST is also particularly simple: the 256-bit secret key is divided into eight 32-bit words and directly used as subkeys in rounds 1–8, 9–16, and 17–24. The same eight subkeys are reused one more time in rounds 25–32, but in reverse...
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References
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De Cannière, C. (2005). GOST. In: van Tilborg, H.C.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security. Springer, Boston, MA . https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-23483-7_179
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