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Incisor microwear of Arctic rodents as a proxy for microhabitat preference

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Abstract

Changing environmental conditions in the Arctic make it important to document and understand habitat preferences and flexibility of vulnerable high-latitude mammals. Indirect proxies are especially useful for elusive species, such as rodents. This study explores incisor microwear as an indicator of variation in behavior and microhabitat use in Siberian lemmings (Lemmus sibiricus) and narrow-headed voles (Lasiopodomys gregalis) from the Yamal Peninsula, Russia. Fifty-nine individuals were sampled at four sites along a latitudinal gradient from forest-tundra ecotone to high-Arctic tundra. Lemmings are present at the northernmost site, voles at the southernmost site, and both species at the middle two. Lemmus sibiricus prefers wet, mossy lowland, whereas La. gregalis favors drier thickets and more open microhabitats and burrows underground. Feature-based analyses indicate higher densities of features and more uniformly oriented striations for voles than lemmings at sites with both species. The species also differ significantly in microwear texture attributes suggesting larger features for lemmings, and smaller ones, but more of them, for voles. While no texture differences were found between sites within species, voles from sites with open tundra have higher striation densities than those from the forest-tundra ecotone. Furthermore, lemmings from open tundra sites have higher striation densities than those from the water-saturated, moss-covered northernmost site. While microhabitat preferences and burrowing by voles likely contribute to differences between species, variation within seems to reflect habitat variation given differences in abrasive loads between sites. This suggests that incisor microwear patterning can be used to track microhabitat differences among Arctic rodent populations.

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Data availability

All raw data presented in this study are presented in Supplementary Information file (SI) 1. Original specimens are part of the permanent collection of the Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology in Labytnangi, Russia but currently on loan to the University of Burgundy, France.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Russian Center of Development of the Arctic, “Yamal-LNG” company and Government of the Yamal Nenets Autonomous District, and the University of Arkansas Honors College, for funds that allowed this work. The collaboration that led to this work was developed through support from the US National Science Foundation. We thank Miriam Belmaker for discussions related to this paper and Daniela Kalthoff and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper.

Funding

NAS and AAS were supported through grant of Russian Foundation for Basic Research No: 18-05-60261, by the Russian Center of Development of the Arctic, “Yamal-LNG” company and Government of the Yamal Nenets Autonomous District. PSU and LS were funded by the University of Arkansas Honors College, and the collaboration that led to this work was developed through support from US National Science Foundation Award No: 1927793.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anthropology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA

    Peter S. Ungar & Lindsay Saylor

  2. Arctic Research Station, Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Labytnangi, Russia

    Aleksandr A. Sokolov & Natalia A. Sokolova

  3. UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France

    Olivier Gilg

  4. Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Arctique, Francheville, France

    Olivier Gilg

  5. EPHE, PSL University, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000, Dijon, France

    Sophie Montuire

  6. Biogéosciences, UMR 6282, CNRS, EPHE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000, Dijon, France

    Sophie Montuire & Aurélien Royer

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  1. Peter S. Ungar
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Contributions

PSU, OG, AAS, NAS, SM, and AR conceived of the project, analyzed the data and wrote the paper. NAS, IF, and AAS collected original specimens analyzed in this paper. LS generated the digital models and photosimulations of the microwear surfaces, and PSU took the dental impressions and generated the microwear data.

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Correspondence to Peter S. Ungar.

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Ungar, P.S., Saylor, L., Sokolov, A.A. et al. Incisor microwear of Arctic rodents as a proxy for microhabitat preference. Mamm Biol 101, 1033–1052 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42991-021-00138-x

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