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Production of a Mixture of Fengycins with Surfactant and Antifungal Activities by Bacillus sp. MA04, a Versatile PGPR

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Abstract

Bacillus sp. strain MA04 a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) showed hemolytic activity on blood agar plates, and the supernatant from liquid culture in nutrient broth at 24 h exhibited emulsification activity, suggesting the production of biosurfactants. In antagonist assays, the supernatant showed antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi such as Penicillium expansum, Fusarium stilboides, Sclerotium rolfsii y Rhizoctonia solani, finding a reduction of mycelial growth of all fungi tested, ranging from 35 to 69%, this activity was increased with time of culture, accomplishing percentages of inhibition up to 85% with supernatants obtained at 72 h. Then, the crude biorsurfactant (CB) was isolated from the supernatant in order to assay its antagonistic effect on the phytopathogens previously tested, finding an increase in the inhibition up to 97% at 500 mg/L of CB. The composition of CB was determined by infrared spectroscopy, identifying various functional groups related to lipopeptides, which were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF–MS, revealing a mixture of fengycins A and B whose high antifungal activity is been widely recognized. These results show that PGPR Bacillus sp. MA04 could also contribute to plant health status through the production of metabolites with antimicrobial activity.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support provided by “Fondo de Vinculación—Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro”, and we wish to thank both Dra. Alicia Chagolla López and Dra. Yolanda Rodríguez Aza for their invaluable support in the chromatographic and MALDITOF/TOF analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Romualdo del Campo #501, Fraccionamiento Rafael Curiel, C.P. 79060, Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí, Mexico

    Alejandro Hernández-Morales

  2. Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las campanas S/N, Col. Las campanas, C.P. 76010, Querétaro, Mexico

    Ramón-Alvar Martínez-Peniche, Sofía-María Arvizu-Medrano, Areli Rodríguez-Ontiveros, Miguel-Angel Ramos-López & Juan-Ramiro Pacheco-Aguilar

  3. Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura Amado Nervo, C.P. 63155, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico

    Jackeline-lizzeta Arvizu-Gómez

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  1. Alejandro Hernández-Morales
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  2. Ramón-Alvar Martínez-Peniche
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Correspondence to Juan-Ramiro Pacheco-Aguilar.

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Hernández-Morales, A., Martínez-Peniche, RA., Arvizu-Gómez, Jl. et al. Production of a Mixture of Fengycins with Surfactant and Antifungal Activities by Bacillus sp. MA04, a Versatile PGPR. Indian J Microbiol 58, 208–213 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-018-0711-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-018-0711-7

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