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Scheme of Ischaemia-triggered Agents during Brain Infarct Evolution in a Rat Model of Permanent Focal Ischaemia

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Abstract

The impact of therapeutic intervention in stroke depends on its appropriate timing during infarct evolution. We have studied markers of brain tissue damage initiated by permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) at three time points during which the infarct spread (1, 3 and 6 h). Based on Evans Blue extravasation and immunohistochemical detection of neurons, we confirmed continuous disruption of blood-brain barrier and loss of neurons in the ischaemic hemisphere that peaked at the sixth hour, especially in the core. Glutamate content started to rise dramatically in the entire hemisphere during the first 3 h; the highest level was determined in the core 6 h after MCAO (141 % increase). Moreover, the enzyme antioxidant defence grew by about 42 % since the first hour in the ipsilateral penumbra. Enzymes of the apoptotic pathway as well as mitochondrial enzyme release were detected since the third hour of MCAO in the ischaemic hemisphere; all achieved their maxima in the penumbra during both time periods (except cytochrome C). In conclusion, the preserved integrity of mitochondrial membrane and incompletely developed process of apoptosis may contribute to the better therapeutic outcome after ischaemic attack; however, a whole brain response should not be omitted.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Slovak Grant Agencies VEGA 2/0012/15 and VEGA 2/0045/15.

Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest related to this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Neurobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia

    Petra Bonova, Viera Danielisova, Miroslava Nemethova, Milina Matiasova & Miroslav Gottlieb

  2. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Košice, Slovakia

    Martin Bona

Authors
  1. Petra Bonova
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  2. Viera Danielisova
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  3. Miroslava Nemethova
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  4. Milina Matiasova
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  5. Martin Bona
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  6. Miroslav Gottlieb
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Correspondence to Petra Bonova.

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Bonova, P., Danielisova, V., Nemethova, M. et al. Scheme of Ischaemia-triggered Agents during Brain Infarct Evolution in a Rat Model of Permanent Focal Ischaemia. J Mol Neurosci 57, 73–82 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-015-0578-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-015-0578-6

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