Abstract
Coupling macroscale heat transfer and fluid flow with microscale grain nucleation and crystal growth, a mixed columnar–equiaxed solidification model was established to study the SWRT82B steel solidification structure and macrosegregation in 160 mm × 160 mm billet continuous casting with dual electromagnetic stirrings in mold and final stage of solidification (M-EMS and F-EMS). In the model, the phases of liquid, columnar, and equiaxed were treated separately and the initial growing equiaxed phase, which could move freely with liquid, was regarded as slurry. To obtain the equiaxed grains nucleation and columnar front evolution, the unit tracking method and the columnar front tracking model were built. The model was validated by magnetic induction intensity of stirrer, billet surface temperature, and carbon segregation. The equiaxed phase evolution and the solute transport with effect of fluid flow and grains transport were described in this article. The results show that the equiaxed phase ratio will not increase obviously with higher current intensity of M-EMS, while the negative segregation near the strand surface becomes more serious. The negative segregation zone near the billet center and the center positive segregation come into being with the effect of equiaxed grains sedimentation and liquid thermosolutal flow. It is also found that the liquid solute transport in the F-EMS zone becomes the main factor with higher current intensity rather than the solidification rate, and therefore, the final billet center segregation decreases first and then turns to rise with the current intensity. The optimal current intensities of M-EMS and F-EMS proposed for SWRT82B billet continuous casting are 200 and 400 A, respectively.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
K. Singh and B. Basu: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 1995, vol. 26, pp. 1069-81.
E.J. Pickering: ISIJ Int., 2013, vol. 53, pp. 935-49.
3.H. Liu, M. Xu, S. Qiu, and H. Zhang: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2012, vol. 43, pp. 1657-75.
4.H.Q. Yu and M.Y. Zhu: Ironmaking Steelmaking, 2012, vol. 39, pp. 574-84.
5.X.P. Song, S.S. Cheng, and Z.J. Cheng: Ironmaking Steelmaking, 2013, vol. 40, pp. 189-98.
6.H. Sun and J. Zhang: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2014, vol. 45, pp. 1133-49.
7.H. Mizukami, M. Komatsu, T. Kitagawa, and K. Kawakami: Trans. Iron Steel Inst. Jpn., 1984, vol. 24, pp. 923-30.
8.K. Ayata, T. Mori, T. Fujimoto, T. Ohnishi, and I. Wakasugi: Trans. Iron Steel Inst. Jpn., 1984, vol. 24, pp. 931-9.
9.K.S. Oh and Y.W. Chang: ISIJ Int., 1995, vol. 35, pp. 866-75.
10.M. Wu and A. Ludwig: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2006, vol. 37, pp. 1613-31.
11.Z. Hou, G. Cheng, F. Jiang, and G. Qian: ISIJ Int., 2013, vol. 53, pp. 655-64.
12.S.I. Chung, Y.H. Shin, and J.K. Yoon: ISIJ Int., 1992, vol. 32, pp. 1287-96.
13.M. Wu, A. Fjeld, and A. Ludwig: Comput. Mater. Sci., 2010, vol. 50, pp. 32-42.
14.M.C. Schneider and C. Beckermann: ISIJ Int., 1995, vol. 35, pp. 665-72.
15.S. Nabeshima, H. Nakato, T. Fujii, T. Fujimura, K. Kushida, and H. Mizota: ISIJ Int., 1995, vol. 35, pp. 673-9.
16.S.E. Perez-Fontes and H.Y. Sohn: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2012, vol. 43, pp. 413-23.
17.A. Ludwig and M. Wu: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2002, vol. 33, pp. 3673-83.
18.I. Farup and A. Mo: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2000, vol. 31, pp. 1461-72.
19.W. Li, H. Shen, and B. Liu: Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2012, vol. 19, pp. 787-94.
20.D.B. Jiang and M.Y. Zhu: Steel Res. Int., 2015, vol. 86, pp. 993-1003.
21.S. Luo, M.Y. Zhu, and S. Louhenkilpi: ISIJ Int., 2012, vol. 52, pp. 823-30.
22.T. Kajatani, J.M. Drezet, and M. Rappaz: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2001, vol. 32, pp. 1479-91.
23.N.L.M. Veldman, A.K. Dahle, D.H. Stjohn, and L. Arnberg: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2001, vol. 32, pp. 147-55.
Acknowledgment
The authors are grateful for the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1560208) and the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province, China (2014029101).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Manuscript submitted December 2, 2015.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jiang, D., Zhu, M. Solidification Structure and Macrosegregation of Billet Continuous Casting Process with Dual Electromagnetic Stirrings in Mold and Final Stage of Solidification: A Numerical Study. Metall Mater Trans B 47, 3446–3458 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-016-0772-0
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-016-0772-0