Abstract
This paper aims at introducing H 2 and H ∞ robustness into the well-known characteristic model-based golden-section adaptive control law, and applying the robust adaptive control scheme to the attitude control of hypersonic cruise vehicles that are subject to external disturbances and aerodynamic coefficients uncertainties. When maneuvering at ultra high speeds, the attitude system of the hypersonic cruise vehicle is extremely sensitive to external disturbances and aerodynamic coefficients variations, and therefore the adaptiveness and the robustness of the attitude system are crucial during the controller design. To enhance the robustness of the existing golden-section adaptive control law, a golden-section robust adaptive control law is proposed. Compared to the existing control law where the design of the parameter λ depends on experience and is carried out offline, linear matrix inequality-based synthesis of λ is proposed such that the closed-loop system is stable with guaranteed H 2 and H ∞ performance. It is suitable for online computing and provides a time-varying λ(k) that is adjusted towards the optimal H 2 and H ∞ performance. When being applied to the attitude control of hypersonic vehicles during re-entry, the adaptive nature of the proposed control law provides the attitude system the capability to accommodate large flight conditions, and its H 2 and H ∞ robustness brought by λ(k) guarantees satisfying tracking performance in the presence of disturbances including both external disturbance and absolute aerodynamic coefficients errors.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Peebles C. The X-43A Flight Research Program Lessons Learned on the Road to Mach 10. Technical Report, Dryden Flight Research Center, 2007
Fidan B, Mirmirani M, Ioannou P A. Flight dynamics and control of air-breathing hypersonic vehicles: review and new directions. In: Proceedings of ther 12th AIAA International Space planes and Hypersonic Systmes and Technologies, Norfolk, 2003
Huang L, Duan Z S, Yang J Y. Challenges of control science in near space hypersonic aircrafts (in Chinese). Contr Theor Appl, 2011, 28: 1496–1505
Lind R. Linear parameter-varying modeling and control of structural dynamics with aerothermoelastic effects. J Guid Contr Dynam, 2002, 25: 733–739
Somanath A, Annaswamy A. Adaptive control of hypersoinc vehicles in presence of aerodynamic and certer of gravity uncertainties. In: Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, Atlanta, 2010. 4661–4666
Fiorentini L, Serrani A, Bolender M A, et al. Nonlinear robust adaptive controller design for an air-breathing hypersonic vehicle model. In: Proceedings of the 2007 AIAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference and Exhibit, South Carolina, 2007
Gregory I M, McMinn J D, Shaughnessy J D, et al. Hypersonic Vehicle Control Law Development Using H ∞ and µ Synthesis. Technical Report, Langley Research Center N94-25104, 1993
Xu H J, Mirmirani M D, Ioannou P A. Adaptive sliding mode control design for a hypersonic flight vehicle. J Guid Contr Dynam, 2004, 27: 829–838
Brinker J S, Wise K A. Flight testing of reconfigurable control law on the X-36 tailless aircraft. J Guid Contr Dynam, 2001, 24: 903–909
Johnson E N, Calise A J. Limited authority adaptive flight control for reusable launch vehicles. J Guid Contr Dynam, 2003, 26: 906–913
Gao D X, Sun Z Q. Fuzzy tracking control design for hypersonic vehicles via T-S model. Sci China Inf Sci, 2011, 54: 521–528
Hughes H, Wu F. H ∞ LPV state feedback control for flexible hypersonic vehicle longitudinal dynamics. In: Proceedings of the 2010 AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference, Toronto, 2010
Cai G B, Duan G R, Hu C H, et al. Tracking control for air-breathing hypersoinc cruise vehicle based on tangent linearization approach. J Syst Eng Electron, 2010, 21: 469–475
Cheng L, Jiang C S, Pu M. Online-SVR-compensated nonlinear generalized predictive control for hypersonic vehicles. Sci China Inf Sci, 2011, 54: 551–562
Reiman S E, Dillon C H, Lee H P, et al. Adaptive reconfigurable dynamic inversion control for a hypersonic cruise vehicle. In: Proceedings of AIAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference and Exhibit, Honolulu, 2008
Gibson T E, Crespo L G, Annaswamy A M. Adaptive control of hypersonic vehicles in the presence of modeling uncertainties. In: Proceedings of the 2009 American Control Conference, St. Louis, 2009. 3178–3183
Wu H X, Hu J, Xie Y C. Characteristic model-based all-coefficient adaptive control method and its applications. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern-Part C, 2007, 37: 213–221
Meng B, Wu H X. A unified proof of the characteristic model of linear time-invariant systems. In: Proceedings of the 2007 American Control Conference, New York, 2007. 935–940
Li H, Sun Z Q, Min H B, et al. Fuzzy dynamic characteristic modeling and adaptive control of nonlinear systems and its application to hypersonic vehicles. Sci China Inf Sci, 2011, 54: 460–468
Luo X, Li J. Fuzzy dynamic characteristic model based attitude control of hypersonic vehicle in gliding phase. Sci China Inf Sci, 2011, 54: 448–459
Wu J G. The study and application of predictive functional control based on characteristic model (in Chinese). Dissertation for the Doctoral Degree. Shanghai: Shanghai University, 2008
Hu J, Xie Y C, Zhang H, et al. Shenzhou-8 spacecraft guidance navigation and control system and flight result evaluation for rendezvous and docking (in Chinese). Aerosp Contr Appl, 2011, 37: 1–5
Ma J G, Zhang T, Song J Y. Intelligent attitude control of space target based on characteristic model. In: Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, Sanya, 2007. 455–460
Meng B, Wu H X. Adaptive control based on characteristic model for a hypersonic flight vehicle. In: Proceedings of the 26th Chinese Control Conference, Zhangjiajie, 2007. 720–724
Meng B, Wu H X, Lin Z L. Characteristic model based control of the X-34 reusable launch vehicle in its climbing phase. Sci China Ser-F: Inf Sci, 2009, 52: 2216–2225
Meng B, Wu H X. Convergence and stability of the golden-section control (in Chinese). J Astronaut, 2009, 30: 2128–2132
Wu H X, Hu J, Xie Y C. Characteristic Model-Based Intelligent Adaptive Control (in Chinese). Beijing: China Science and Technology Press, 2009
Qi C Z, Wu H X, Lv Z D. The study on the stability of all-coefficient golden section feedback control system. In: Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation, Hefei, 2000. 3168–3171
Bolender M A, Doman D B. A nonlinear longitudinal dynamical model of an air-breathing hypersonic vehicle. J Spacecraft Rocket, 2007, 44: 374–387
Bollino K P. High-Fidelity Real-Time Trajectory Optimization for Reusable Launch Vehicles. Dissertation for the Doctoral Degree, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2006
Souza C E, Xie L H, Coutinho D F. Robust filtering for 2-D discrete-time linear systems with convex-bounded parameter uncertainty. Automatica, 2010, 46: 673–681
Muradore R, Picci G. Mixed H 2/H ∞ control: the discrete-time case. In: Proceedings of the 42nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, Maui, 2003. 1789–1794
Hwang C L, Han S Y. Mixed H 2/H ∞ design for a decentralized discrete variable structure control with application to mobile robots. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern-Part B, 2005, 35: 736–750
Caigny J D, Camino J F, Oliveira R C L F, et al. Gain-scheduled H 2 and H ∞ control of discrete-time polytopic time-varying systems. IET Contr Theor Appl, 2009, 4: 362–380
Naidu D S, Banda S S, Buffington J L. Unified approach to H 2 and H ∞ optimal control of a hypersonic vehicle. In: Proceedings of the 1999 American Control Conference, San Diego, 1999. 2737–2741
Cifdaloz O, Rodriguez A A, Anderies J M. Control of distributed parameter systems subject to convex constraints: applications to irrigation systems and hypersonic vehicles. In: Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, Cancun, 2008. 865–870
Yong W. Analysis for several stability properties of all-coefficient adaptive controller (in Chinese). Aerosp Contr Appl, 2012, 38: 10–16
Li R C. Handook of Linear Algebra. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2006. 15-1–15-6
Guo L. Time-Varying Stochastic Systems (in Chinese). Jilin: Jilin Science and Technology Press, 1993
Huang H, Wang Y. Mixed H 2/H ∞ robust adaptive control of hypersonic vehicles based on the characteristic model. In: Proceedings of the 31st Chinese Control Conference, Hefei, 2012. 2883–2888
Oliveira M C D, Geromel J C, Bernussou J. Extended H 2 and H ∞ norm characterizations and controller parameterizations for discrete-time systems. Int J Contr, 2002, 75: 666–679
Dong J X, Yang G H. Robust static output feedback control for linear discrete-time systems with time-varying uncertainties. Syst Contr Lett, 2008, 57: 123–131
Zhang Z. On the guidance and control of hypersonic vehicle with high lift-to-drag ratio (in Chinese). Dissertation of the Doctoral Degree. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Control Engineering, 2011
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Huang, H., Zhang, Z. Characteristic model-based H 2/H ∞ robust adaptive control during the re-entry of hypersonic cruise vehicles. Sci. China Inf. Sci. 58, 1–21 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-014-5179-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-014-5179-4