Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a vital element which leads to strong antioxidation in animals and humans. However, the mechanism underlying natural cereal Se–induced biological changes is not well understood. This study intended to explore the gene differential expression in naturally aged mice exposed to selenium by RNA-Seq technique. A total spectrum of 53 differentially expressed genes was quantified in mice heart tissues treated with Se-rich and general rice. The GO functional annotation of differentially expressed genes disclosed the enrichment of cellular process, ionic binding, biological regulation, and catalytic activity. One hundred twenty-three differential pathways (cardiovascular diseases, immune system, transport and catabolism, longevity regulating, and PI3K-AKT signaling) were identified according to KEGG metabolic terms. Afterwards, the effect of Se-rich rice on the antioxidant activity was assessed. The selenium-rich diet increased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in mice serum and livers while significantly reduces methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) contents. FOXO1 and FOXO3 genes, which acted as the regulators of apoptosis and the antioxidant enzyme, were significantly enhanced in mice when fed with Se-rich rice. In short, the present findings disclosed the alluring insights of organic and inorganic selenium sources on certain biological processes and antioxidant activity of living bodies. However, long-term trials are still required to draw a definitive conclusion, including risks and benefit analysis for various management strategies.
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Acknowledgments
We thank Lu Tang for the assistance with the experiments.
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This study was supported by the International Cooperation and Exchanges Research Program of the Department of S&T of Sichuan Province (2015HH0028) and Technology R&D Program of Sichuan Province (2016NZ0106).
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JZ and YL conceived the project and designed the experiments; YL, MUF, ZT, YZ, TZ, HLA, YS, XY, XJ, and RZ performed the experiments; YL and RZ analyzed the data; YL and MUF finalized the manuscript; all authors discussed the results and reviewed the manuscript.
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The animal study protocol (MICE2016022, 10/22/2016) was performed and approved by the Research Animal Care Committee of Sichuan Agricultural University (Chengdu, China), which confirmed to the national laws and policies and World Health Organization (WHO) definition. Animals were treated humanely, using approved procedures in accordance with the guidelines of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Sichuan Agricultural University.
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Zeng, R., Liang, Y., Farooq, M.U. et al. Alterations in transcriptome and antioxidant activity of naturally aged mice exposed to selenium-rich rice. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 17834–17844 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05226-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05226-7