Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as a solubilizer for the corticosteroids prednisolone and fludrocortisone acetate in dry powder inhalation formulations.
Methods
The dry particles were simultaneously produced and coated with nanosized L-leucine crystals using an aerosol flow reactor method. The aerosolization performances of carrier-free powders were studied using Easyhaler® and Twister™ at 2 and 4 kPa pressure drops over the inhalers. Drug permeation properties of the formulations were tested across a Calu-3 cell monolayer. Toxicity and reactive oxygen species induction were tested against Calu-3 and A549 cell lines.
Results
The hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin in the powders promoted the dissolution of fludrocortisone the most, followed by that of prednisolone. Fine particle fractions were 52–70% from emitted doses which showed good repeatability with a coefficient variation of 0.9–0.17. In addition, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin enhanced the permeation of the corticosteroids. The powders showed no statistically significant toxicity nor reactive oxygen species induction in the tested cell lines.
Conclusions
This study demonstrated the preparation and function of fine powder formulations which combine improved dissolution of poorly soluble drugs with good aerosolization performance. These results are expected to promote particle engineering as a way to develop new types of therapeutic pulmonary powders.
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Abbreviations
- BLPI:
-
Berner-type low pressure impactor
- CD:
-
Cyclodextrin
- CVED :
-
The coefficient of variations of the powder emission
- ED:
-
Emitted dose
- FLU:
-
Fludrocortisone-21-acetate
- FPF:
-
Fine particle fraction
- HP-β-CD:
-
Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin
- L:
-
L-leucine
- PRE:
-
Prednisolone
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND DISCLOSURES
The Academy of Finland (project nos. 140362 and 276377), Orion Research Foundation, The Finnish Cultural Foundation, Biocentrum Helsinki, Finnish Medical Foundation, and the Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation are acknowledged for financial support. The provision of facilities by Aalto University at OtaNano - Nanomicroscopy Center (Aalto-NMC) is acknowledged.
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Vartiainen, V., Bimbo, L.M., Hirvonen, J. et al. Aerosolization, Drug Permeation and Cellular Interaction of Dry Powder Pulmonary Formulations of Corticosteroids with Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin as a Solubilizer. Pharm Res 34, 25–35 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-016-2035-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-016-2035-9