Abstract
A new approach in dealing with seismic risk in the volcanic areas of Italy, by taking into account the possible occurrence of damaging pre- or syn-eruptive seismic events, is exciting the scientific interest and is actually the topic developed in several research projects funded by the European Community (e.g., UPStrat-MAFA, www.upstrat-mafa.ov.ingv.it/UPstrat/) and the Civil Defense Department of Italy. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to have a detailed knowledge of the local attenuation-distance relations. In the present paper, we make a survey of the estimates of the seismic quality factor of the medium reported in literature for the Etna area. In the framework of a similar paper published for the Campi Flegrei zone in Southern Italy, we first review the results on seismic attenuation already obtained for Etna and then apply a standard technique to separately measure intrinsic and scattering attenuation coefficients from passive seismic data recorded by the Etna seismological network. Indications are then given for the correct utilization of the attenuation parameters to obtain the best candidate quality factor Q to be used in this area for seismic risk purposes.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aki K, Chouet B (1975) Origin of coda waves: source, attenuation, and scattering effects. J Geophys Res 80(23):3322–3342
Aki K, Richards P (1980) Quantitative seismology—theory and methods. W. H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco
Azzaro R, Barbano S, D’Amico S, Tuv T (2006) The attenuation of seismic intensity in the Etna region and comparison with other Italian volcanic districts. Ann Geophys 49(4/5):1003–1020
Bianco F., Castellano M., Del Pezzo E., Ibanez J.M. (1999). Attenuation of short period seismic waves at Mt. Vesuvius, Italy. Geophys Jour Int 138 (1): 67–76
Boore D (1983) Stochastic simulation of high frequency ground motions based on seismological models of the radiated spectra. Bull Seismol Soc Am 73(6):1865–1894
Boore D (2003) Simulation of the ground motion using the stochastic method. Pure Appl Geophys 160:635–676
Convertito V, Zollo A (2011) Assessment of pre-crisis and syn-crisis seismic hazard at Campi Flegrei and Mt. Vesuvius volcanoes, Campania, southern Italy. Bull Volcanol 73:767–783
de Lorenzo S. Filippucci M., Giampiccolo E., Patané D. (2006). Intrinsic Qp at Mt. Etna from the inversion of rise times of 2002 microearthquake sequence. Ann Geophys 49 (6):1215–1234
Del Pezzo E, Bianco F (2010a) MathLTWA: multiple lapse time window analysis using Wolfram Mathematica 7. Comput Geosci 36:1388–1392
Del Pezzo E., Bianco F. (2010b). Two-layer earth model corrections to the MLTWA estimates of intrinsic- and scattering-attenuation obtained in a uniform half-space. Geophys J Int 182(2):949–955
Del Pezzo E., Bianco F. (2013) A reappraisal of seismic Q evaluated in Campi Flegrei caldera. Receipt for the application to risk analysis. J Seismol 17:829–837 DOI 10.1007/s10950-012-9349-9
Del Pezzo E, Ibanez J, Morales J, Akinci A, Maresca R (1995) Measurements of intrinsic and scattering seismic attenuation in the crust. Bull Seismol Soc Am 85:1373–1380
Del Pezzo E, Simini M, Ibanez J (1996) Separation of intrinsic and scattering Q for volcanic areas: a comparison between Etna and Campi Flegrei. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 70:213–219
Del Pezzo E, Bianco F, Zaccarelli L (2006) Separation of Qi and Qs from passive data at Mt Vesuvius: a reappraisal of the seismic attenuation estimates. Phys Earth Planet Inter 159:202–212
Galluzzo D, Del Pezzo E, La Rocca M, Petrosino S (2004) Peak ground acceleration produced by local earthquakes in volcanic areas of Campi Flegrei and Mt Vesuvius. Vesuvius Annals of Geophysics 47:1377–1389
Giampiccolo E, Tuve’ T, Gresta S, Patané D (2006) S-waves attenuation and separation of scattering and intrinsic absorption of seismic energy in southeastern Sicily (Italy). Geophys J Int 165:211–222
Giampiccolo E, D’Amico S, Patané D, Gresta S (2007) Attenuation and source parameters of shallow microearthquakes at Mt. Etna volcano, Italy. Bull Seismol Soc Am 97(1B):184–197. doi:10.1785/0120050252
Gladwin MT, Stacey FD (1974) Anelastic degradation of acoustic pulses in rock. Phys Earth Planet Inter 8:332–336
Gruppo analisi dati sismici (2014). Catalogo dei terremoti della Sicilia Orientale e Calabria Meridionale, (1999–2013) INGV, Catania, http://www.ct.ingv.it/ufs/analisti/catalogolist.php Accessed 15 Aug 2014
Hirn, A., A. Nercessian, M. Sapin, F. Ferrucci, and G. Wittlinger (1991). Seismic heterogeneity of Mt. Etna: structure and activity. Geophys J Int 105:139–153
Hoshiba M, Sato H, Fehler M (1991) Numerical basis of the separation of scattering and intrinsic absorption from full seismogram envelope: a Monte-Carlo simulation of multiple isotropic scattering. Pap Meteorol Geophys 42(2):65–91
Kjartansson E (1979) Constant Q wave propagation and attenuation. J Geophys Res 84:4737–4748
Kramer, S. (1996). Geotechnical earthquake engineering. Prentice Hall
Lahr, J. C. (1999). Hypoellipse: a computer program for determining local earthquake hypocentral parameters, magnitude, and first motion pattern (Y2K compliant), US Geol Surv Open File Rep., 99–23
Mayeda K, Koyanagi S, Hoshiba M, Aki K, Zeng YH (1992) A comparative-study of scattering, intrinsic, and coda Q(−1) for Hawaii, Long Valley, and central California between 1.5-Hz and 15.0-Hz. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 97:6643–6659
Norini G, Acocella V (2011) Analogue modeling of flank instability at Mount Etna: understanding the driving factors. J Geophys Res 116, B07206. doi:10.1029/2011JB008216
Paasschens JCL (1997) Solution of the time-dependent Boltzmann equation. Phys Rev 56(1):1135–1141
Patané G, Ferrucci F, Gresta S (1994) Spectral features of microearthquakes in volcanic areas: attenuation in the crust and amplitude response of the site at Mt. Etna, Italy. Etna Bull Seismol Soc Am 84(6):1842–1860
Sato H, Fehler MC (1998) Seismic wave propagation and scattering in the heterogeneous earth. Springer and Verlag, New York
Sato H, Fehler MC, Maeda T (2012) Seismic wave propagation and scattering in the heterogeneous earth, 2nd edn. Springer and Verlag, New York
Tuvé T, Bianco F, Ibanez J, Patané D, Del Pezzo E, Bottari A (2006) Attenuation study in the straits of Messina area (southern Italy). Tectonophysics 421:173–185
Wegler U, Luhr BG (2001) Scattering behaviour at Merapi volcano (Java) revealed from an active seismic experiment. Geophys J Int 145:579–592
Wennerberg, L. (1993). Multiple-scattering interpretation of coda-q measurements. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 83, 279–290. Zeng, Y (1991) Compact solution for multiple scattered wave energy in time domain. Bull Seismol Soc Am 81:1022–1029
Acknowledgments
This work has been partially supported by the following projects: V2-Precursori di Eruzioni in Vulcani Quiescenti: Campi Flegrei e Vulcano-Convenzione INGV-DPC (2012–2013); EPHESTOS CGL2011-2949-C02-01 (University of Granada, Instituto Andaluz de Geofisica); MEDiterranean SUper-site Volcanoes (MED-SUV) FP7 ENV.2012.6.4-2 grant agreement no. 308665 (European Community); and Urban Disaster Prevention Strategies Using MAcroseimic Fields and Fault Sources (UPStrat-MAFA), http://upstratmafa.ov.ingv.it/UPStrat/ (European Community). Jens Havskov is gratefully acknowledged for his helpful revision.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Del Pezzo, E., Bianco, F., Giampiccolo, E. et al. A reappraisal of seismic Q evaluated at Mt. Etna volcano. Receipt for the application to risk analysis. J Seismol 19, 105–119 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-014-9453-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-014-9453-0