Hope, depressive symptoms, anxiety, and physical quality of life (QOL) were assessed in three subgroups of patients receiving the gastric pacemaker. Patients (n = 22) completed questionnaires prior to pacemaker implantation and at 3 and 6 months post-surgery. The idiopathic subgroup reported a significantly greater degree of hope and less anxiety at 6-month follow-up, compared to the diabetes patients. The idiopathic patients also reported significantly less anxiety at 6 months than the postsurgical patients. Across all subgroups, there was an increase in hope and physical QOL, and decrease in depressive symptoms and anxiety, from baseline levels. There was a significant negative relationship between hope and both depressive symptoms and anxiety at baseline and 3- and 6-month follow-up. Presurgical hope level did not significantly predict depressive symptoms or anxiety after implantation. This study provides evidence that the pacemaker improves the physical and psychological health of gastropareutic patients; hope appears to play a role in the psychological adjustment of these patients.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Affleck, G., & Tennen, H. (1996). Construing benefits from adversity: Adaptational significance and dispositional underpinnings. Journal of Personality, 64, 899–922.
Alexopoulos, G. S., Vrontou, C., Kakuma, T., Meyers, B. S., Young, R. C., Klausner, E., et al. (1996). Disability in geriatric depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 153(7), 877–885.
Barnum, D. D., Snyder, C. R., Rapoff, M. A., Mani, M. M., & Thompson, R. (1998). Hope and social support in the psychological adjustment of pediatric burn survivors and matched controls. Children's Health Care, 27, 15–30.
Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. (1996). Beck Depression Inventory (2nd ed.). San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
Bityutskiy, L. P., Soykan, I., & McCallum, R. W. (1997). Viral gastroparesis: A subgroup of idiopathic gastroparesis—Clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 92, 1501–1504.
Buckles, D. C., & McCallum, R. W. (2004). Treatment of gastroparesis. Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology, 7, 139–147.
Craven, J. L., Rodin, G. M., & Johnson, L. (1987). The diagnosis of major depression in renal dialysis patients. Psychosomatic Medicine, 49, 482–494.
George, S. J., Shea, S., Sarosiek, I., & McCallum, R. J. (2001). Nutritional outcome in patients with gastroparesis treated by 1 gastric electrical stimulation—a 6 month follow up [abstract]. Gastroenterology, 41, 5.
Goggin, K., Catley, D., Brisco, S., Engelson, E. S., Rabkin, J. G., & Kotler, D. P. (2001). A female perspective on living with HIV disease. Health and Social Work, 26(2), 80–89.
Horowitz, M., Harding, P. E., Maddox, A., Maddern, G. J., Colllins, P. J., Chatterton, B. E., et al. (1986). Gastric and oesophageal emptying in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 1, 97–113.
Horowitz, M., Harding, P. E., Maddox, A. F., Wishart, J. M., Akkermans, L. M., Chatterton, B. E., et al. (1989). Gastric and oesophageal emptying in patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia, 32, 151–159.
Kennedy, P., Hopwood, M., & Duff, J. (2001). Psychological management of chronic illness and disability. In J. Milgrom & G. D. Burrows (Eds.), Psychology and psychiatry (pp. 183–211). New York: Wiley.
Marcus, S. C., Olfson, M., Pincus, H. A., Shear, M. K., & Zarin, D. A. (1997). Self-reported anxiety, general medical conditions, and disability bed days. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154(12), 1766–1768.
McCallum, R. W., & George, S. J. (2001, May/June). Gastroparesis. Clinical Perspectives in Gastroenterology, 147–154.
Snyder, C. R. (1994). The psychology of hope: You can get there from here. New York: Free.
Snyder, C. R., Sympson, S. C., Ybasco, F. C., Borders, T. F., Babyak, M. A., & Higgins, R. L. (1996). Development and validation of the State Hope Scale. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 321–335.
Snyder, C. R., Wrobleski, K. K., Parenteau, S. C., & Berg, C. J. (2004). Hope and hopelessness. In L. J. Haas (Ed.), Handbook of primary care psychology (pp. 145–155). New York: Oxford University Press.
Soykan, I., Sivri, B., Sarosiek, I., Kiernan, B., & McCallum, R. W. (1998). Demography, clinical characteristics, psychological and abuse profiles, treatment, and long-term follow-up with gastroparesis. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 43(11), 2398–2404.
Spielberger, C. D., Gorusch, R. I., & Lushene, R. E. (1970). State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Manual. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists.
Stanton, A. L., Danoff-Berg, S., Cameron, C., Bishop, M., Collins, C. A., Kirk, S. B., et al. (2000). Emotionally expressive coping predicts psychological and physical adjustment to breast cancer. Journal of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, 68, 875–882.
Tennen, H., & Affleck, G. (1999). Finding benefits in adversity. In C. R. Snyder (Ed.), Coping: The psychology of what works (pp. 279–304). New York: Oxford.
Ware, J. E. Jr. (1993). SF-36 Health Survey, Manual and interpretation guide. Boston, MA: The Health Institute, New England Medical Center.
Ware, J. E., Kosinski, M., & Keller, S. D. (1994). SF-36 physical and mental health summary scales: A user's manual. Boston, MA: Health Assessment Lab.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors would like to thank Dr. C. R. Snyder and Dr. James Grobe for their feedback and suggestions, and Dr. James Bovaird for help with statistical analyses. This research was conducted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Ms. Parenteau's Master of Arts. Some of the findings in this article were presented at the Kansas Psychological Association Convention, the 2nd International Positive Psychology Summit, the 68th Annual Scientific Meeting of the College of Gastroenterology, and the Greater Kansas City Psychological Association Conference.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Parenteau, S.C., Gallant, S., Sarosiek, I. et al. The Role of Hope in the Psychological Adjustment of Gastropareutic Patients Receiving the Gastric Pacemaker: A Longitudinal Study. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 13, 46–53 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10880-005-9005-4
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10880-005-9005-4