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Rapid adaptation of Brachionus angularis (Rotifera) to invasion by Brachionus calyciflorus

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Abstract

To test the hypothesis that Brachionus angularis can rapidly develop local adaptation to invasion by other monogonont rotifers, replicate populations of B. angularis were exposed to two environments invaded by B. calyciflorus at different inoculation densities and an environment free from invaders. During the selection experiment, the density of each population was reduced to starting conditions every 3 days, and the changes in population growth rate and mictic ratio of B. angularis were continuously tracked. During the 81-day (69 asexual generations) period of selection, the B. angularis populations in the environments with invaders showed a significant increase in growth rate but a non-significant change in mictic ratio over time when compared with those in the environment without invaders. A common garden experiment revealed that when exposed to the environments with invaders, the B. angularis populations evolved in the environments with invaders had higher growth rates than those evolved in the environment without invaders, and the opposite was also true, indicating that local adaptation was rapidly formed. Info-chemicals released by invaders to the environment might increase the heritability of higher growth rates, and thus facilitate the local adaptation of B. angularis populations to invasion by B. calyciflorus.

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Acknowledgements

This work was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China (31470015) and the Foundation of Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety in Anhui Province. We are grateful to the anonymous referees for their valuable comments and constructive suggestions, which have greatly improved the manuscript. We thank Catherine Dandie from Liwen Bianji, Edanz Editing China (www.liwenbianji.cn/ac), and Gen Zhang from Shenzhen Nobel Science and Technology Service Co., Ltd. for language editing service.

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  1. Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Important Biological Resource in Anhui, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China

    Yi-Long Xi, Ke-Qiang Huang, Ling Pan, Han Zhu, Ya-Li Ge, Xin-Li Wen & Xian-Ling Xiang

  2. Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang City Belt, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China

    Yi-Long Xi & Xin-Li Wen

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Xi, YL., Huang, KQ., Pan, L. et al. Rapid adaptation of Brachionus angularis (Rotifera) to invasion by Brachionus calyciflorus. Hydrobiologia 844, 31–42 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-019-3959-y

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