Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Characteristics of Carbonaceous Aerosol at Taichung Harbor, Taiwan during Summer and Autumn Period of 2005

  • Published:
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In recent years, suspended particle pollution has become a serious problem in Taiwan. The carbonaceous materials EC and OC are play important roles in various atmospheric processes. The primary OC/EC ratio approach is applied to assess the contribution of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) to the PM2.5 and PM10 mass at the Taichung harbor sampling site. The results indicated that the average EC and OC concentration were 1.06 and 6.50 μg m−3, respectively, in fine particulate. And the average EC and OC concentration were 4.04 and 40.32 μg m−3, respectively, in coarse particulate at Taichung Harbor sampling site. In addition, and the average EC/OC rations was 8.72 in fine particle, respectively, at Taichung Harbor, Taiwan during summer and autumn period of 2005. The fine particle exhibited high particulate concentrations in October, and lower concentration particulate occurred in August. And in this study OC and EC concentrations in this study are compared with those in other cities. The results of EC and OC concentration in this study are also compare with those other cities.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Cao, J. J., Lee, S. C., Ho, K. F., Zhang, X. Y., Zou, S. C., Fung, K., et al. (2003). Characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol in Pearl River Delta Region, China during 2001 winter period. Atmospheric Environment, 37, 1451–1460.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chan, L. Y., & Kwok, W. S. (2000). Vertical dispersion of suspended particulates in urban area of Hong Kong. Atmospheric Environment, 34, 4403–4412.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chow, J. C., Watson, J. G., Fujita, E. M., Lu, Z., & Lawson, D. R. (1994). Temporal and spatial variations of PM2.5 and PM10 aerosol in the Southern California air quality study. Atmospheric Environment, 28, 2061–2080.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chow, J. C., Watson, J. G., Kuhns, H., Etyemezian, V., Lowenthal, D. H., Crow, D., et al. (2004). Source profiles for industrial, mobile, and area sources in the Big Bend Regional Aerosol Visibility and Observational study. Chemosphere, 54, 185–208.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chow, J. C., Watson, J. G., Lowenthal, D. H., Egami, R. T., Solomon, P. A., Thuillier, R. H., et al. (1998). Spatial and temporal variations of particulate precursor gases and photochemical reaction products during SJVAQS/AUSPEX ozone episodes. Atmospheric Environment, 32, 2835–2844.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chow, J. C., Watson, J. G., Lu, Z., Lowenthal, D. H., Frazier, C. A., Solomon, P. A., et al. (1996). Descriptive Analysis of PM2.5 and PM10 at regionally representative locations during SJVAQS/AUSPEX. Atmospheric Environment, 30, 2079–2112.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cincinelli, A., Mandorlo, S., Dickhut, R. M., & Lepri, L. (2003). Particulate organic compounds in the atmosphere surrounding an industrialised area of Prato (Italy). Atmospheric Environment, 37, 3125–3133.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cooke, W. F., Liousse, C., Cachier, H., & Feichter, J. (1999). Construction of a 1 × 1 degrees fossil fuel emission data set for carbonaceous aerosol and implementation and radiative impact in the ECHAM4 model. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104, 22137–22162.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fang, G. C., Chang, C. N., Wu, Y. S., Cheng Fu, P. P., Yang, C. J., Chen, C. D., et al. (2002). Ambient suspended particulate matters and related chemical species study in central Taiwan, Taichung during 1998–2001. Atmospheric Environment, 36, 1921–1928.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Giugliano, M., Lonati, G., Butelli, P., Romele, L., Tardivo, R., & Grosso, M. (2005). Fine particulate (PM2.5–PM1) at urban sites with different traffic exposure. Atmospheric Environment, 39, 2421–2431.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, J., Sato, M., Ruedy, R., Lacis, A., & Oinas, V. (2000). Global warming in the twenty-first century: An alternative scenario. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U. S. A., 97, 9875–9880.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • He, K., Yang, F., Ma, Y., Zhang, Q., Yao, X., Chan, C. K., et al. (2001). The characteristics of PM2.5 in Beijing, China. Atmospheric Environment, 35, 4959–4970.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ho, K. F., Lee, S. C., Yu, J. C., Zou, S. C., & Fung, K. (2002). Carbonaceous characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter in Hong Kong. The Science of the Total Environment, 300, 59–67.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) (2001). Climate change 2001. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobson, M. Z. (2001). Strong radiative heating due to the mixing state of black carbon in atmospheric aerosols. Nature, 409, 695–697.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, Y. P., Moon, K. C., Lee, J. H., & Baik, N. J. (1999). Concentrations of carbonaceous species in particles at Seoul and Cheju in Korea. Atmospheric Environment, 33, 2751–2758.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, Y. P., Moon, K. C., Lee, J. H., & Baik, N. J. (2000). Organic and elemental carbon in fine particles at Kosan, Korea. Atmospheric Environment, 34, 3309–3317.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, H. S., & Kang, B. W. (2001). Chemical characteristics of principal PM2.5 species in Chongju, South Korea. Atmospheric Environment, 35, 739–746.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, J. J., & Tai, H. S. (2001). Concentration and distributions of carbonaceous species in ambient particles in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. Atmospheric Environment, 35, 2627–2636.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Menon, S., Hansen, J., Nazarenko, L., & Luo, Y. (2002). Climate effects of black carbon aerosols in China and India. Science, 27, 2250–2253.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ohta, S., Hori, M., Yamagata, S., & Murao, N. (1998). Chemical characterization of atmospheric fine particles in Sapporo with determination of water content. Atmospheric Environment, 32, 1021–2025.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Park, S. S., Kim, Y. J., & Fung, K. (2001). Characteristics of PM2.5 carbonaceous aerosol in the Sihwa industrial area, South Korea. Atmospheric Environment, 35, 657–665.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scheff, P. A., & Valiozis, C. (1990). Characterization and source identification of respirable particulate matter in Athens, Greece. Atmospheric Environment, 24, 203–211.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seinfeld, J. H., & Pandis, S. N. (1998). Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Streets, D. G., Gupta, S., Waldhoff, S. T., Wang, M. Q., Bond, T. C., & Bo, Y. (2001). Black carbon emissions in China. Atmospheric Environment, 35, 4281–4296.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Universal Air Sampler. (1996). Model 310 Universal Air Sampler TM Instruction ManualŽUSA TM. Minneapolis, MN: MSP Corporation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vega, E., Grace, I., Ruiz, M. E., Barbiaux, M. E., & Apam, D. (1997). Application of a chemical mass balance receptor model to respirable particulate matter in Mexico City. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 47, 524–529.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watson, J. G. (2002). Visibility: Science and regulation. Journal of the Air and Waste Association, 52, 628–713.

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu, J., Bergin, M. H., Yu, X., Liu, G., Zhao, J., Carrico, C. M., et al. (2002). Measurement of aerosol chemical, physical and radiative properties in the Yangtze Delta Region of China. Atmospheric Environment, 36, 161–173.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yu, J. Zhen, Tung, J. W. T., Wu, A. W. M., Lau, A. K. H., Louie, P. K. K., & Fung, J. C. H. (2004). Abundance and seasonal characteristics of elemental and organic carbon in Hong Kong PM10. Atmospheric Environment, 38, 1511–1521.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Air Toxic and Environmental Analysis Laboratory, Hungkuang University, Sha-Lu, Taichung, 433, Taiwan

    Guor-Cheng Fang & I-Cherng Lin

  2. Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, Research Center for Environmental Technology and Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hum, Kowloon, Hongkong, China

    S. C. Lee & Yan Cheng

  3. Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Wen-Jhy Lee

  4. Sustainable Environment Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Wen-Jhy Lee

Authors
  1. Guor-Cheng Fang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. S. C. Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Wen-Jhy Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yan Cheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. I-Cherng Lin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Guor-Cheng Fang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Fang, GC., Lee, S.C., Lee, WJ. et al. Characteristics of Carbonaceous Aerosol at Taichung Harbor, Taiwan during Summer and Autumn Period of 2005. Environ Monit Assess 131, 501–508 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9495-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9495-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation