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Description of Niveispirillum fermenti gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a fermentor in Taiwan, transfer of Azospirillum irakense (1989) as Niveispirillum irakense comb. nov., and reclassification of Azospirillum amazonense (1983) as Nitrospirillum amazonense gen. nov

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Abstract

A taxonomic study was carried out on a novel aerobic bacterial strain (designated CC-LY736T) isolated from a fermentor in Taiwan. Cells of strain CC-LY736T were Gram-stain negative, spiral-shaped and motile by means of a monopolar flagellum. Strain CC-LY736T shared the greatest degree of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Azospirillum irakense DSM 11586T (97.2 %), Rhodocista centenaria JCM 21060T (96.3 %) and Rhodocista pekingensis JCM 11669T (96.1 %). The major fatty acids were C16:0, C16:1 ω5c, C19:0 cyclo ω8c, C18:1 ω7c/C18:1 ω6c, C16:0 3-OH and C18:1 2-OH. The predominant polar lipids included phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine and two unidentified glycolipids. The common major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone Q-10 and predominant polyamines were sym-homospermidine and putrescine. The DNA G+C content of strain CC-LY736T was 67.6 ± 0.1 mol %. During phylogenetic analysis, strain CC-LY736T formed a unique phyletic lineage associated with Rhodocista species. However, the combination of genetic, chemotaxonomic and physiological data clearly indicated that strain CC-LY736T was a novel representative of the family Rhodospirillaceae. Based on the polyphasic comparison, the name Niveispirillum fermenti gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain of the type species is CC-LY736T (= BCRC 80504T = LMG 27263T). In addition, the reclassifications of Azospirillum irakense as Niveispirillum irakense comb. nov. (type strain KBC1T = ATCC 51182T = BCRC 15764T = CIP 103311T), and Azospirillum amazonense as Nitrospirillum amazonense gen. nov., sp. nov. (type strain Am14T = ATCC 35119T = BCRC 14279T = DSM 3787T) are proposed based on the polyphasic taxonomic data obtained in this study.

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Acknowledgments

Authors would like to thank Mr. Wen-Shao Yen for the isolation of this novel bacterium. This research work was kindly supported by grants from the National Science Council, the Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan and in part by the Ministry of Education, Taiwan, ROC under the ATU plan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, 250, Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC

    Shih-Yao Lin, Asif Hameed, Fo-Ting Shen, You-Cheng Liu, Yi-Han Hsu, Mariyam Shahina, Wei-An Lai & Chiu-Chung Young

  2. Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

    Fo-Ting Shen, Wei-An Lai & Chiu-Chung Young

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  1. Shih-Yao Lin
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  2. Asif Hameed
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  5. Yi-Han Hsu
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Correspondence to Chiu-Chung Young.

Additional information

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA sequence of strain CC-LY736T is JX843283. In this study, the GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA sequence of strains Azospirillum amazonense BCRC 14279T, A. halopraeferens DSM 3675T, A. irakense DSM 11586T, A. lipoferum DSM 1691T, A. canadense LMG 23617T were GU256437, GU256439, GU256440, GU256441 and HM636056, respectively. A transmission electron micrograph of cells of strain CC-LY736T, polar lipid profile and polyamine compositions of all strains used in this study are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.

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Lin, SY., Hameed, A., Shen, FT. et al. Description of Niveispirillum fermenti gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a fermentor in Taiwan, transfer of Azospirillum irakense (1989) as Niveispirillum irakense comb. nov., and reclassification of Azospirillum amazonense (1983) as Nitrospirillum amazonense gen. nov. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 105, 1149–1162 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-014-0176-6

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