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Dietary factors and fibroblast growth factor-23 levels in young adults with African ancestry

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Abstract

Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23), a phosphaturic hormone secreted mainly by osteocytes, maintains serum phosphate levels within a tight range by promoting phosphaturia. Previous studies have mainly focused on the link between FGF23 levels and dietary intake of phosphate, but other dietary factors may also influence FGF23 levels. This cross-sectional study pooled three populations of young adults with African ancestry (452 in Chicago, IL, USA; 477 in Victoria, Seychelles; and 482 in Kumasi, Ghana) with estimated glomerular filtration rate >80 ml/min/1.73 m2 to examine the association of dietary factors based on two 24-h recalls with FGF23 levels measured using a C-terminal assay. Linear regression was used to examine the association between log-transformed FGF23 levels and quartiles of calorie-adjusted dietary factors with adjustment for covariates. In the pooled sample of 1411 study participants, the mean age was 35.2 (6.2) years and 45.3% were male. Median plasma C-terminal FGF23 values in relative units (RU)/ml were 59.5 [interquartile range (IQR) 44.1, 85.3] in the USA, 43.2 (IQR 33.1, 57.9) in Seychelles, and 34.0 (IQR 25.2, 50.4) in Ghana. With adjustment for covariates, increasing quartiles of calcium and animal protein and decreasing quartiles of vegetable protein, fiber, and magnesium intake were associated with significantly higher FGF23 levels compared to the lowest quartile. After further adjustment for dietary factors, significant trends in FGF23 levels were noted only for quartiles of calcium, fiber, and magnesium intake (P < 0.001). Dietary factors other than phosphate are associated with FGF23 levels in young adults.

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Acknowledgements

Data were presented in poster form at the American Public Health Association Meeting October 2015, Chicago IL (DK). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institutes of Health or the US Department of Health and Human Services. This study was supported in part by funding from the National Institutes of Health 1R01DK90360-1A1 (RD), 5R01DK080763-04 (AL), and by Loyola University Chicago–Intramural Award LU#204006.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 First Avenue, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA

    Dominique Kosk, Holly Kramer, Amy Luke, Lara R. Dugas, Richard Cooper & Ramon Durazo-Arvizu

  2. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Public Health Sciences and Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA

    Holly Kramer

  3. Division of Endocrinology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA

    Pauline Camacho

  4. Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Pascal Bovet

  5. Ministry of Health, Victoria, Republic of Seychelles

    Pascal Bovet

  6. Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

    Jacob Plange Rhule

  7. University of West Indies Solutions for Developing Countries, University of the West Indies Mona, Kingston, Jamaica

    Terrence Forrester

  8. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Metabolism and Health, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA

    Myles Wolf

  9. National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Chris Sempos

  10. Department of Medicine and Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA

    Michal L. Melamed

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  1. Dominique Kosk
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Correspondence to Holly Kramer.

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Kosk, D., Kramer, H., Luke, A. et al. Dietary factors and fibroblast growth factor-23 levels in young adults with African ancestry. J Bone Miner Metab 35, 666–674 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-016-0804-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-016-0804-5

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