Abstract
Dynamic patchiness of photosystem II (PSII) activity in leaves of the crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plant Kalanchoë daigremontiana Hamet et Perrier, which was independent of stomatal control and was observed during both the day/night cycle and circadian endogenous oscillations of CAM, was previously explained by lateral CO2 diffusion and CO2 signalling in the leaves [Rascher et al. (2001) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:11801–11805; Rascher and Lüttge (2002) Plant Biol 4:671–681]. The aim here was to actually demonstrate the importance of lateral CO2 diffusion and its effects on localized PSII activity. Covering small sections of entire leaves with silicone grease was used for local exclusion of a contribution of atmospheric CO2 to internal CO2 via transport through stomata. A setup for combined measurement of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging was used for recording photosynthetic activity with a spatiotemporal resolution. When remobilization of malic acid from vacuolar storage and its decarboxylation in the CAM cycle caused increasing internal CO2 concentrations sustaining high PSII activity behind closed stomata, PSII activity was also increased in adjacent leaf sections where vacuolar malic acid accumulation was minimal as a result of preventing external CO2 supply due to leaf-surface greasing, and where therefore CO2 could only be supplied by diffusion from the neighbouring malic acid-remobilizing leaf tissue. This demonstrates lateral CO2 diffusion and its effect on local photosynthetic activity.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- CAM :
-
Crassulacean acid metabolism
- g H2O :
-
Leaf conductance for water vapour
- J CO2 :
-
Net CO2 exchange
- J H2O :
-
Net water vapour exchange
- p aCO2 :
-
Atmospheric CO2 partial pressure in pascals
- p iCO2 :
-
Internal CO2 concentration
- Rubisco :
-
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase
References
Beyschlag W, Eckstein J (1997) Stomatal patchiness. Prog Bot 59:283–298
Cockburn W, Patel K (2002) Control of internal carbon dioxide concentration during decarboxylation in CAM plants. In: Holtum JAM (ed) CAM 2001. The IIIrd international congress on crassulacean acid metabolism, The School of Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, p 12
Cowan IR (1977) Stomatal behaviour and environment. Adv Bot Res 117–228
Franks PJ, Farquhar GD (2001) The effects of exogenous abscisic acid on stomatal development, stomatal mechanics and leaf gas exchange in Tradescantia virginiana. Plant Physiol 125:935–942
Frechilla S, Talbott LD, Zeiger E (2002) The CO2 response of Vicia guard cells acclimates to growth environment. J Exp Bot 53:545–550
Grams TEE, Borland AM, Roberts A, Griffiths H, Beck F, Lüttge U (1997) On the mechanism of reinitiation of endogenous crassulacean acid metabolism by temperature changes. Plant Physiol 113:1309–1317
Hanstein SM (2002) CO2-triggered chloride release from guard cells in intact fava bean leaves. Kinetics of the onset of stomatal closure. Plant Physiol 130:940–950
Hedrich R, Neimanis S, Savchenko G, Felle HH, Kaiser WM, Heber U (2001) Changes in apoplastic pH and membrane potential in leaves in relation to stomatal responses to CO2, malate, abscisic acid or interruption of water supply. Planta 213:594–601
Huxman TE, Monson RK (2003) Stomatal responses of C3, C3–C4 and C4 Flaveria species to light and intercellular CO2 concentration: implications for the evolution of stomatal behaviour. Plant Cell Environ 26:313–322
Kluge M, Böhlke C, Queiroz O (1981) Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in K. daigremontiana. Changes in intercellular CO2 concentration during a normal CAM cycle and during cycles in continuous light or darkness. Planta 152:87–92
Lüttge U (2002) CO2-concentrating: consequences in crassulacean acid metabolism. J Exp Bot 53:2131–2142
Lüttge U, Beck F (1992) Endogenous rhythms and chaos in crassulacean acid metabolism. Planta 188:28–38
Lüttge U, Stimmel KH, Smith JAC, Griffiths H (1986) Comparative ecophysiology of CAM and C3 bromeliads. II. Field measurements of gas exchange of CAM bromeliads in the humid tropics. Plant Cell Environ 9:377–383
Maxwell K, von Caemmerer S, Evans JR (1997) Is a low internal conductance to CO2 diffusion a consequence of succulence in plants with crassulacean acid metabolism. Aust J Plant Physiol 24:777–786
Möllering H (1974) l-Malate. Bestimmung mit Malat-Dehydrogenase und Glutamat-Oxalacetat-Transaminase. In: Bermeyer HW (ed) Methoden der enzymatischen Analyse, Vol 25. Verlage Chemie, Weinheim pp 1636–1639
Portis AR (1992) Regulation of ribulose-1.5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activity. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 43:415–437
Rascher U, Lüttge U (2002) High-resolution chlorophyll fluorescence imaging serves as a non-invasive indicator to monitor the spatio-temporal variations of metabolism during the day–night cycle and during the endogenous rhythm in continuous light in the CAM plant Kalanchoë daigremontiana. Plant Biol 4:671–681
Rascher U, Hütt MT, Siebke K, Osmond B, Beck F, Lüttge U (2001) Spatiotemporal variation of metabolism in a plant circadian rhythm: the biological clock as an assembly of coupled individual oscillators. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:11801–11805
Schroeder JI, Allen GJ, Hugouvieux V, Kwak JM, Waner D (2001) Guard cell signal transduction. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 52:627–658
Willert DJ, Maryssek R, Herppick W (1995) Experimentielle Pflanzenökologie. Grundlagen und Anwendungen. Thieme, Stuttgart
Zeiger E, Talbott LD, Frechilla S, Srivastava A, Zhu J (2002) The guard cell chloroplast: a perspective for the twenty-first century. New Phytol 153:415–424
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Duarte, H.M., Jakovljevic, I., Kaiser, F. et al. Lateral diffusion of CO2 in leaves of the crassulacean acid metabolism plant Kalanchoë daigremontiana Hamet et Perrier. Planta 220, 809–816 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-004-1398-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-004-1398-z