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Diversity of Soil Nematodes in Areas Polluted with Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Lanzhou, China

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Abstract

This study investigated the soil nematode community structure along the Yellow River in the Lanzhou area of China, and analyzed the impact of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Zn) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on the nematode community. Soil samples from five locations (named A–E), which were chosen for soil analysis, showed significant differences in their heavy metal content (p < 0.01), as well as in the variety of nematodes (up to 41 genera) and families (up to 20) that were present. The different samples also differed significantly in the total PAH content (p < 0.05), as well as the six types of PAH present. Sites A–C showed the most severe contamination with heavy metals and PAHs; these sites had the lowest abundance of fungivores and omnivore/predators, but the proportion of bacteriovores was the highest (p < 0.05). Site E, in contrast, showed only minor pollution with heavy metals and PAHs, and it contained the highest abundance of plant parasites (p < 0.05). Several nematode ecological indicators were found to correlate with concentration of soil pollutants at all the sites tested: the maturity index (MI, in addition to plant parasites), plant parasite index (PPI), ΣMI (including all the soil nematodes), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′′), and Wasilewska index (WI). Disturbance to the soil environment was more severe when MI, ΣMI, and H′ values were lower. The results of the study show that the abundance and structure of the soil nematode communities in the sampling locations were strongly influenced by levels of heavy metals and PAHs in the soil. They also show that the diversity index H′ and the maturity index can be valuable tools for assessing the impact of pollutants on nematodes.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30770390) and the Interdisciplinary Innovation Research Fund For Young Scholars, Lanzhou University, China (No. LZU200518).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China

    Gen Chen, Jie Qin & Yingmei Zhang

  2. School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China

    Dazhong Shi

  3. Institute of Natural Resources, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand

    Weihong Ji

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  1. Gen Chen
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  2. Jie Qin
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  3. Dazhong Shi
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  4. Yingmei Zhang
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Correspondence to Yingmei Zhang.

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Chen, G., Qin, J., Shi, D. et al. Diversity of Soil Nematodes in Areas Polluted with Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Lanzhou, China. Environmental Management 44, 163–172 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-008-9268-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-008-9268-2

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