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Long-term results of cementless primary total hip arthroplasty with a threaded cup and a tapered, rectangular titanium stem in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of primary cementless total hip arthroplasty in rheumatoid arthritis patients and to compare the results with osteoarthritis patients. Sixty-four patients (77 hips) with rheumatoid arthritis and 120 patients (135 hips) with osteoarthritis had a conical-shaped Zweymueller threaded cup and a tapered, rectangular Zweymueller stem implanted and were assessed after an average of 12.5 years. The endpoints for survival analysis were failure of one or both components due to radiographic loosening or revision. Revision was defined as exchange of cup, stem or both. When the PE-insert or the ceramic ball head were exchanged leaving cup and stem in place, e.g. for PE-wear or dislocation, this was not considered a revision but a re-intervention. No differences were found in survival rates; however, in the rheumatoid arthritis group there was an increased rate of malposition of the cup, avulsions of the greater trochanter, and increased bone resorption in the trochanteric region. This study shows that despite altered biomechanical properties of rheumatoid bone, mechanical stability and osseous integration of cementless prosthesis are not compromised and, although a higher complication rate did occur, long-term survival is excellent.

Résumé

Le but de cette étude est d’évaluer le devenir des prothèses totales sans ciment chez les patients porteurs d’arthrite rhumatoïde et, comparer ces résultats avec ceux des patients opérés pour coxarthrose. 64 patients (77 hanches) avec arthrite rhumatoïde et 120 patients (135 hanches) opérés pour coxarthrose ont bénéficié d’une prothèse de type Zweymueller avec une cup vissée. Le suivi moyen a été de 12.5 ans. La courbe de survie a été évaluée sur l’échec des deux composants avec descellement radiographique ou révision. La révision a été définie comme le changement de cup, de pièces fémorales ou des deux éléments. Lorsqu’il s’agit simplement d’un changement d’insert ou de têtes céramiques, les éléments principaux étant laissés en place (changement pour usure ou luxation) ceux-ci ne sont pas considérés comme une révision mais comme une réintervention. Il n’y a pas de différences, en terme de survie, des deux populations, cependant le groupe arthrite rhumatoïde a un taux de mal position de la cup plus important de même que les lésions du grand trochanter avec notamment une ostéolyse de cette région trochantérienne. Cette étude montre que malgré la mauvaise qualité de l’os rhumatoïde, il n’y a pas de problème d’instabilité ni d’ostéo intégration dans ce type de prothèse sans ciment et, l’on ne peut pas considérer que le taux de complications soit rédhibitoire, la survie à long terme étant excellente.

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Correspondence to Rob Zwartele.

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Zwartele, R., Peters, A., Brouwers, J. et al. Long-term results of cementless primary total hip arthroplasty with a threaded cup and a tapered, rectangular titanium stem in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. International Orthopaedics (SICO 32, 581–587 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-007-0383-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-007-0383-0

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