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Determining inter-system bias of GNSS signals with narrowly spaced frequencies for GNSS positioning

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Abstract

Relative positioning using multi-GNSS (global navigation satellite systems) can improve accuracy, reliability, and availability compared to the use of a single constellation system. Intra-system double-difference (DD) ambiguities (ISDDAs) refer to the DD ambiguities between satellites of a single constellation system and can be fixed to an integer to derive the precise fixed solution. Inter-system ambiguities, which denote the DD ambiguities between different constellation systems, can also be fixed to integers on overlapping frequencies, once the inter-system bias (ISB) is removed. Compared with fixing ISDDAs, fixing both integer intra- and inter-system DD ambiguities (IIDDAs) means an increase of positioning precision through an integration of multiple GNSS constellations. Previously, researchers have studied IIDDA fixing with systems of the same frequencies, but not with systems of different frequencies. Integer IIDDAs can be determined from single-difference (SD) ambiguities, even if the frequencies of multi-GNSS signals used in the positioning are different. In this study, we investigated IIDDA fixing for multi-GNSS signals of narrowly spaced frequencies. First, the inter-system DD models of multi-GNSS signals of different frequencies are introduced, and the strategy for compensating for ISB is presented. The ISB is decomposed into three parts: 1) a float approximate ISB number that can be considered equal to the ISB of code pseudorange observations and thus can be estimated through single point positioning (SPP); 2) a number that is a multiple of the GNSS signal wavelength; and 3) a fractional ISB part, with a magnitude smaller than a single wavelength. Then, the relationship between intra- and inter-system DD ambiguity RATIO values and ISB was investigated by integrating GPS L1 and GLONASS L1 signals. In our numerical analyses with short baselines, the ISB parameter and IIDDA were successfully fixed, even if the number of observed satellites in each system was small.

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Acknowledgements

Yumiao Tian was financially supported by the China Scholarship Council (CSC) during his studies at the Technische Universität Berlin, Germany, and the German Research Center of Geosciences (GFZ), Germany. Zhizhao Liu thanks the grant supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant NSFC 41274039), the Hong Kong Research Grants Council (RGC) Early Career Scheme (ECS) (Project PolyU 5325/12E (F-PP0F)), and the Hong Kong Polytechnic University (Project 4-BCBT).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China

    Yumiao Tian

  2. Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China

    Yumiao Tian & Zhizhao Liu

  3. Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623, Berlin, Germany

    Yumiao Tian & Frank Neitzel

  4. German Research Centre for Geosciences, 14473, Potsdam, Germany

    Maorong Ge

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  1. Yumiao Tian
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  2. Zhizhao Liu
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Correspondence to Zhizhao Liu.

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Tian, Y., Liu, Z., Ge, M. et al. Determining inter-system bias of GNSS signals with narrowly spaced frequencies for GNSS positioning. J Geod 92, 873–887 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-017-1100-4

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