Skip to main content
Log in

Biomonitoring of aromatic amines and alkylating agents by measuring hemoglobin adducts

  • Review Articles
  • Published:
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Analysis of hemoglobin adducts in blood samples is suitable for the biological monitoring of genotoxic chemicals. The method is specific because the compound to which the individual was exposed is identified. The sensitivity of the method depends on the analytical procedure applied, but is hardly limiting since large amounts of the protein can be obtained. The method provides not only information about the internal exposure to the environmental chemical, but also about the individual's capacity to generate ultimate genotoxic metabolites from it. Since macromolecular damage in blood cells is correlated to that in potential target tissues, this information is relevant to risk assessment, insofar as macromolecular damage produced by a specific chemical can be correlated with the development of tumors.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Albrecht W, Neumann H-G (1985a) Biomonitoring of N-substituted aryl compounds. Binding of aniline and nitrobenzene to rat hemoglobin. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 109:A12

    Google Scholar 

  • Albrecht W, Neumann H-G (1985b) Biomonitoring of aniline and nitrobenzene. Hemoglobin binding in rats and analysis of adducts. Arch Toxicol 57:1–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Birner G, Neumann H-G (1987) Biomonitoring of aromatic amines. Binding of substituted anilines to rat hemoglobin. Naunyn Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol [Suppl] 335:73

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolt HM, Neumann H-G, Lewalter J (1985) Zur Problematik von BAT-Werten für aromatische Amine. Arbeitsmed Sozialmed Präventivmed 20:197–201

    Google Scholar 

  • Dölle B, Töpner W, Neumann H-G (1980) Reaction of arylnitroso compounds with mercaptans. Xenobiotica 10:527–536

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehrenberg L, Hiesche KD, Osterman-Golkar S, Wennberg I (1974) Evaluation of genetic risks of alkylating agents: tissue dose in the mouse from air contaminated with ethylene oxide. Mutat Res 24:83–103

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehrenberg L, Moustacchi E, Osterman-Golkar S (1983) Dosimetry of genotoxic agents and dose-response relationships of their effects. Mutat Res 123:121–182

    Google Scholar 

  • Eyer P (1979) Reactions of nitrosobenzene with reduced glutathione. Chem Biol Interact 24:227–239

    Google Scholar 

  • Eyer P (1983) The red cell as a sensitive target for activated toxic arylamines. Arch Toxicol [Suppl] 6:3–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Eyer P (1985) Reactions of nitrosoarenes with sulphydryl groups: reaction mechanism and biological significance. In: Gorrod JW, Damani LA (eds) Biological oxidation of nitrogen in organic molecules. Ellis Horwood, Ltd, Chichester, and VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim, pp 386–399

    Google Scholar 

  • Green LC, Skipper PL, Turesky RJ, Bryant MS, Tannenbaum SR (1984) In vivo dosimetry of 4-aminobiphenyl in rats via a cysteine adduct in hemoglobin. Cancer Res 44:4254–4259

    Google Scholar 

  • Groth U, Neumann H-G (1971) The relevance of chemicobiological interactions for the toxic and carcinogenic effects of aromatic amines. V. The pharmacokinetics of related aromatic amines in blood. Chem Biol Interact 4:409–419

    Google Scholar 

  • Henschler D (ed) (1986) Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft: maximum concentrations at the workplace and biological tolerance values for working materials 1986. VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Weinheim

    Google Scholar 

  • Kennelly JC, Beland FA, Kadlubar FF, Martin CN (1984) Binding of N-acetylbenzidine and N,N′-diacetylbenzidine to hepatic DNA of rat and hamster in vivo and in vitro. Carcinogenesis 5:407–412

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiese M (1974) Methemoglobinemia: a comprehensive treatise. CRC Press, Cleveland, OH

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewalter J, Korallus U (1985) Blood protein conjugates and acetylation of aromatic amines. New findings on biological monitoring. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 56:179–196

    Google Scholar 

  • Lotlikar PD, Miller EC, Miller JA, Margreth A (1965) The enzymatic reduction of the N-hydroxy derivatives of 2-acetylaminofluorene and related carcinogens by tissue preparations. Cancer Res 25:1743–1752

    Google Scholar 

  • Lutz WK (1979) In vivo covalent binding of organic chemicals to DNA as a quantitative indicator in the process of chemical carcinogenesis. Mutat Res 65:289–356

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller EC, Miller JA (1969) The metabolic activation of carcinogenic aromatic amines and amides. Progr Exp Tumor Res 11:273–301

    Google Scholar 

  • Murthy MSS, Calleman CJ, Osterman-Golkar S, Segerback D, Svensson K (1984) Relationships between ethylation of hemoglobin, ethylation of DNA and administered amount of ethyl methanesulfonate in the mouse. Mutat Res 127:18

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumann H-G (1980) Dose response relationship in the primary lesion of strong electrophilic carcinogens. Arch Toxicol [Suppl] 3:69–77

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumann H-G (1983) The dose dependence of DNA interactions of aminostilbene derivatives and other chemical carcinogens. In: Hayes AW, Schnell RC, Miya TS (eds) Developments in the science and practice of toxicology. Elsevier Science Publishers BV, Amsterdam, pp 135–144

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumann H-G (1986) The role of DNA damage in chemical carcinogenesis of aromatic amines. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 112:100–106

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumann H-G (1987) Concepts for assessing the internal dose of chemicals in vivo. In: Fowler BA (ed) Mechanism of cell injury: implications for human health. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, New York, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore, pp 241–254

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumann H-G, Gaugler BJM, Taupp W (1978) The metabolic activation of trans-4-dimethylaminostilbene after oral administration of doses ranging from 0.025 to 250 μmol/kg. Proc First Int Congr on Toxicology. Plaa GL Duncan WAM (Eds) Academic Press, New York, London, pp 177–190

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumann H-G, Metzler M, Töpner W (1977) Metabolic activation of diethylstilbestrol and aminostilbene derivatives. Arch Toxicol 39:21–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Osterman-Golkar S, Farmer PB, Segerbäck D, Bailey E, Calleman CJ, Svensson K, Ehrenberg L (1983) Dosimetry of ethylene oxide in the rat by quantitation of alkylated histidine in hemoglobin. Teratogen Carcinog Mutagen 3:395–405

    Google Scholar 

  • Pereira MA, Chang LW (1981) Binding of chemical carcinogens and mutagens to rat hemoglobin. Chem Biol Interact 33:301–305

    Google Scholar 

  • Pereira MA, Lin L-HC, Chang LW (1981) Dose-dependency of 2-acetylaminofluorene binding to liver DNA and hemoglobin in mice and rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 60:472–478

    Google Scholar 

  • Rjosk HK, Neumann H-G (1971) Zur Bedeutung chemischbiologischer Wechselwirkungen für die toxische und krebserzeugende Wirkung aromatischer Amine. II. Verteilung der Radioaktivität nach Applikation des Tritium-markierten Carcinogens trans-4-Dimethylaminostilben und der beiden unwirksamen Vergleichssubstanzen cis-4-Dimethylaminostilben und 4-Dimethylaminobibenzyl in der Ratte. Z Krebsforsch 75:209–220

    Google Scholar 

  • Segerbäck D, Calleman CJ, Ehrenberg L, Löfroth G, Osterman-Golkar S (1978) Evaluation of genetic risk of alkylating agents IV. quantitative determination of alkylated amino acids in hemoglobin as a measure of the dose after treatment of mice with methyl methanesulfonate. Mutat Res 49:71–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Wieland E, Neumann H-G (1978) Methemoglobin formation and binding to blood constituents as indicators for the formation, availability and reactivity of activated metabolites derived from trans-4-aminostilbene and related aromatic amines. Arch Toxicol 40:17–35

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Neumann, HG. Biomonitoring of aromatic amines and alkylating agents by measuring hemoglobin adducts. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 60, 151–155 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00378690

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00378690

Key words

Navigation