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The natural course of lesion development in brain ischemia

  • Conference paper
Mechanisms of Secondary Brain Damage from Trauma and Ischemia

Part of the book series: Acta Neurochirurgica Supplements ((NEUROCHIRURGICA,volume 89))

Abstract

Histopathologic and NMR imaging studies show that focally ischemic brain lesions tend to increase in size over time. In animal models of stroke as well as in patients presenting with hemispheric stroke, considerable lesion growth was observed. In focal cerebral ischemia, lesions predominantly enlarge early (<12 hrs postinsult) and show complete ischemic injury due to pan necrosis in the vast majority of affected tissue. In global cerebral ischemia — a condition that is present after cardiac arrest — lesions appear late (>12 hrs) in selectively vulnerable brain regions and neurons are damaged by apoptosis. The short resuscitation time of the brain explains why periods of global ischemia result in widespread and global loss of energy metabolites combined with diffuse brain edema and global damage. Mechanisms involved in lesion growth include excitotoxicity, peri-infarct depolarizations, lactacidosis, microcirculatory disturbances, and flow-metabolism uncoupling among others. Problems involved in the subject under focus are related to maturation phenomena of injury and the different imaging modalities (metabolic imaging, NMR imaging, positron emission tomography) that require a subtly differentiated interpretation of the alterations observed.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany

    Prof. Dr T. Back

  2. Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany

    O. G. Schüler

Authors
  1. Prof. Dr T. Back
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  2. O. G. Schüler
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Chirurgische Forschung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany

    A. Baethmann  & N. Plesnila  & 

  2. Neurochirurgische Klinik, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

    J. Eriskat

  3. Neurochirurgische Klinik, Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

    J. Lehmberg

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© 2004 Springer-Verlag Wien

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Back, T., Schüler, O.G. (2004). The natural course of lesion development in brain ischemia. In: Baethmann, A., Eriskat, J., Lehmberg, J., Plesnila, N. (eds) Mechanisms of Secondary Brain Damage from Trauma and Ischemia. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplements, vol 89. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0603-7_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0603-7_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-7206-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-0603-7

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