Abstract
The feature shared by all members of the plastid family (proplastids, elaioplasts, leukoplasts, amyloplasts, chromoplasts, etioplasts, and chloroplasts) is a pair of outer membranes, known as the envelope. These membranes together provide a flexible boundary between the plastid and the surrounding cytosol (Thomson, 1974). This applies even to highly senescent plastids (Priestley, 1977), and to plastids devoid of ribosomes (Börner et al., 1976; Feierabend and Schrader-Reichhardt, 1976)—from which all other membraneous structures have disappeared—and to dividing plastids (Chaly et al.,1980). Consequently, the plastid envelope is a permanent structure in the sense that every existing envelope membrane could theoretically be traced back through generations of cells and organisms maintaining uninterruptedly for millions of years some specific structural organization.
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References
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Douce, R., Block, M.A., Dorne, AJ., Joyard, J. (1984). The Plastid Envelope Membranes: Their Structure, Composition, and Role in Chloroplast Biogenesis. In: Roodyn, D.B. (eds) Subcellular Biochemistry. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2709-7_1
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