Regular ArticleCloning of Bullfrog Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) β Subunit cDNA: Expression of TSHβ mRNA during Metamorphosis
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Development of the hypothalamo–hypophyseal system in amphibians with special reference to metamorphosis
2021, Molecular and Cellular EndocrinologySome aspects of the hypothalamic and pituitary development, metamorphosis, and reproductive behavior as studied in amphibians
2019, General and Comparative EndocrinologyCitation Excerpt :The TSHβ mRNA levels increased progressively throughout prometamorphic stages, reaching their maximum at the end of prometamorphosis. The maximum level was maintained throughout early- and mid-climax and declined thereafter (Okada et al., 2000). A bullfrog TSHβ antiserum was generated by employing a C-terminal peptide (106–129) synthesized based on the amino acid sequence deduced from the bullfrog TSHβ cDNA.
Forever young: Endocrinology of paedomorphosis in the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum)
2018, General and Comparative EndocrinologyCitation Excerpt :In Xenopus laevis, pituitary mRNA expression levels of tshb (encoding the β subunit of TSH) and cga (encoding the α subunit) increase significantly during prometamorphosis and peak just before metamorphic climax (Buckbinder and Brown, 1993; Manzon and Denver, 2004). The same tshb mRNA expression pattern was found in metamorphosing bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) tadpoles (Okada et al., 2000). Homologous Western blot in X. laevis and ELISA in X. tropicalis have shown that intra-pituitary TSHβ protein levels follow a similar ontogenic pattern as the mRNA levels (Korte et al., 2011).
Endocrinology of Complex Life Cycles: Amphibians
2017, Hormones, Brain and Behavior: Third EditionCorticotropin-releasing hormone: Mediator of vertebrate life stage transitions?
2016, General and Comparative EndocrinologyCitation Excerpt :Indeed, thyroid hormones are able to suppress in vitro CRH-induced TSH release from embryonic chicken pituitaries (De Groef et al., 2007; Geris et al., 1999), but it is unknown how thyroid hormones affect CRHR2 mRNA expression and thus whether the negative feedback of thyroid hormones on CRH-induced TSH release involves downregulation of CRHR2. In amphibians, TSHβ mRNA levels increase as the larvae approach the transition from prometamorphosis to metamorphic climax, observed in species such as X. laevis (Manzon and Denver, 2004) and American bullfrog (Okada et al., 2000). The changes in pituitary TSHβ mRNA are paralleled by pituitary TSH levels in both X. laevis and X. tropicalis (Korte et al., 2011).
Neuroendocrinology of Amphibian Metamorphosis
2013, Current Topics in Developmental BiologyCitation Excerpt :Pituitary expression of tshβ mRNA and plasma TSH concentration increases throughout metamorphosis (Buckbinder & Brown, 1993; Manzon & Denver, 2004; Okada et al., 2000). Pituitary tshβ mRNA levels rise from premetamorphosis to peak values during late prometamorphosis/metamorphic climax (Buckbinder & Brown, 1993; Manzon & Denver, 2004; Okada et al., 2000). Korte et al. (2011) used a homologous radioimmunoassay to show that changes in plasma and pituitary TSH in Xenopus species throughout metamorphosis paralleled changes in pituitary tshβ mRNA.