Regular ArticleCloning and Characterization of the 5′ Flanking Region of the Human Uncoupling Protein 3 (UCP3) Gene☆,☆☆
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2008, Physiology and BehaviorCitation Excerpt :The paradoxical up regulation of UCP3 upon fasting and the finding that FFAs are potent inducers of UCP3 gene expression lead to the concept that UCP3 is primarily involved in fat metabolism, rather than in regulation of energy expenditure [37–39]. The finding that plasma FFAs, most likely through activation of PPAR responsive elements in the UCP3 promotor [40–42], are responsible for the induced expression of UCP3 during fasting (and possibly during β-adrenergic stimulation and thyroid hormone treatment), initiated numerous physiological studies interfering with fat metabolism. To elucidate its physiological role, UCP3 expression was measured during several conditions of lipid oversupply and in muscles with different fat-oxidative capacity.
Impact of dietary protein content on uncoupling protein mRNA abundance in swine
2008, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - B Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyCitation Excerpt :Varying the protein concentration of the diet has been associated with changes in serum non-esterified fatty acids (Atinmo et al., 1978; Matthews et al., 1998; Gomez et al., 2002; Petzke et al., 2005, 2007), which could contribute to potential changes in UCP2 and UCP3 expression due to their functions in fatty acid metabolism. These putative roles for UCP2 and UCP3 in fatty acid metabolism are believed the consequence of fatty acid interaction with peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) elements within the promoter regions of these genes (Acin et al., 1999; Lentes et al., 1999). The PPARs are believed to directly interact with fatty acids to alter gene expression activity (Kliewer et al., 1997).
Acute heat stress induces oxidative stress and decreases adaptation in young white leghorn cockerels by downregulation of avian uncoupling protein
2007, Poultry ScienceCitation Excerpt :Five additional uncoupling protein homologs, UCP2 to UCP4, brain mitochondrial carrier protein type 1, and kidney mitochondrial carrier protein 1 have been identified to date. Fleury et al. (1997) found that UCP2 is expressed ubiquitously, whereas UCP3 gene expression is seen in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and heart (Boss et al., 1997; Acin et al., 1999). Brain mitochondrial carrier protein type 1, kidney mitochondrial carrier protein 1, and UCP4, all of which have recently been identified (Sanchis et al., 1998; Mao et al., 1999; Haguenauer et al., 2005), are expressed primarily in the brain, other neural tissues, and within the kidney cortex.
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The 5′ flanking nucleotide sequence of the human UCP3 gene reported in this article is available on the GenBank database under Accession No. AF127916.
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Abbreviations used: ATP, adenosine triphosphate; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; cDNA, complementary deoxyribonucleic acid; dNTP, deoxynucleotide triphosphate; DR, direct repeat; DTT, dithiothreitol; EDTA, ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid; EST, expressed sequenced tags; Mops, 3-[N-morpholino]propanesulfonic acid; nt, nucleotide; Pipes, piperazine-N,N′-bis[2-ethanesulfonic acid]; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; RACE, rapid amplification of cDNA ends; RT, reverse transcription; SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate; SSC, standard saline citrate
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